introduction: this investigation is seeking for the impact of family form on psychedelic abusing in youth aged 19-35 in tehran city. method: it has been a cross sectional study and the population has been all of youth aged 19-35 living in tehran. using a cluster sampling, 6281 people were selected. the instrument of investigation has been a demographic questionnaire and beck depression inventor...

The term "drug seeking" is frequently used but poorly defined. By soliciting nurses' comments and suggestions, a survey was developed to identify behaviors that may cause nurses to refer to a patient as drug seeking, to identify what nurses think the term "drug seeking" means, to explore how nurses regard the use of the term "drug seeking" in health care, and to identify differences between gen...

UNLABELLED BACKGROUND Substance abuse puts a burden on the physical and mental health and well-being of individuals and their families, particularly parents. Parents of substance-abusing young people are in need of professional or informal support and information. Potential and easy accessible sources are support groups. We explored the experiences of parents of substance-abusing young peopl...

Injection drug users represent a major vector of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the nation's inner cities, and are an important population for harm reduction treatment interventions to target. However, there has been relatively little research examining the specific contribution of the multiple factors contributing to cognitive functioning among injection drug users that may af...

One fundamental difference between mathematical communication and most non-mathematical communication, is the pervasive use of variables: letters, subscripted letter, or other symbols that represent mathematical objects that are unspecified or not fully specified. Variables provide the skilled mathematical communicator with an enormously powerful tool to communicate complex ideas effectively. B...

Bacillus cereus is a rare cause of endocarditis, typically associated with intravenous drug abuse, rheumatic heart disease, prosthetic heart valves, pacemakers, or immunodeficiency. We present the first case of native valve Bacillus cereus endocarditis with no apparent risk factors. The patient had a fulminant course requiring emergent valve replacement.