Background To establish Japanese children's estimated energy requirements, total energy expenditure (TEE) data measured using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method is needed. This study aimed to 1) obtain basic TEE data from Japanese children measured using DLW (TEEDLW), 2) compare TEEDLW with TEE estimated by various estimation formulas to calculate their accuracy, and 3) develop a new equatio...

Before their entry into the rehabilitation program at the Rehabilitation and Research Centre for Torture Victims ('RCT') in Copenhagen, the degree of symptoms of a group of resettled traumatized refugees was assessed by means of two rating scales: the Disability Rating Index (DRI) (n=197), measuring pain-related functional disability, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (n=147)...

OBJECTIVE To compare dietary intake and quality among adult Inuit by smoking status. DESIGN A cross-sectional study using data from a validated quantitative FFQ. SETTING Three isolated communities in Nunavut, Canada. SUBJECTS Adult Inuit (n 208), aged between 19 and 79 years, from randomly selected households. RESULTS Average energy intake did not differ between male smokers (n 22) and ...

Background Antibiotic resistance is a growing problem worldwide, but communicating this challenge to policymakers and non-experts is complicated by the multiplicity of bacterial pathogens and the distinct classes of antibiotics used to treat them. It is difficult, even for experts aware of the pharmacodynamics of antibiotics, to infer the seriousness of resistance without information on how com...

In the literature on the recovery of societies from natural disasters, a dominant theme is the importance of pursuing and achieving sustainable recovery. Sustainability implies that recovery efforts should aim to (re-) build, maintain, and, if possible, enhance the quality of life of members of the disaster-stricken community in the short and long term. In this paper, we propose a capabilities-...

Dietary calcium is well known to decrease gastrointestinal lead absorption and thereby reduce the risk for lead poisoning. Because children in economically deprived urban centers are especially likely to have excessive lead exposure, we surveyed dietary calcium intakes of 314 children from the greater Newark, New Jersey, area. The areas of Newark and adjacent communities studied had been previo...

A harmonized method was developed to assess CO2 mitigation performance and avoidance costs for different steel production routes, including blast furnace with oxygen (BOF), direct reduced iron (DRI) electric arc (EAF), Hisarna BOF. Mass energy balances were used evaluate each route's cradle-to-gate CO2eq emissions. Results indicate that using either capture storage (CCS) or biomass can reduce, ...

Continual learning is an intellectual ability of artificial agents to learn new streaming labels from sequential data. The main impediment continual catastrophic forgetting, a severe performance degradation on previously learned tasks. Although simply replaying all previous data or continuously adding the model parameters could alleviate issue, it impractical in real-world applications due limi...

INTRODUCTION An increased production and use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is occurring worldwide. In parallel, a growing concern is emerging on the adverse effects the unintentional inhalation of CNTs can have on humans. There is currently a debate regarding which exposure metrics and measurement strategies are the most relevant to investigate workplace exposures to CNTs. This study investigated ...