Global placement of hypergraphs is critical in the top-down placement of large timing-driven designs 10, 16]. Placement quality is evaluated in terms of the half-perimeter wirelength (HPWL) of hyperedges in the original circuit hypergraph provided timing constraints are met. Analytical placers are instrumental in handling non-linear timing models 9, 3], but have two important drawbacks: (a) cor...

Down syndrome (DS) is caused by the overexpression of genes on triplicated regions of human chromosome 21 (Hsa21). While the resulting physiological and behavioral phenotypes vary in their penetrance and severity, all individuals with DS have variable but significant levels of cognitive disability. At the core of cognitive processes is the phenomenon of synaptic plasticity, a functional change ...

Anomalous x–ray pulsars (AXPs) and soft gamma–ray repeaters (SGRs) are x–ray sources with unusual properties distinguishing them from both rotation–powered and most accretion–powered pulsars. Using archival ASCA data over the energy range 0.5 − 10.0 keV, we have studied the spectra of the persistent emission from these sources and their variation with spin-down rate. Using a single power law sp...