CONTEXT Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the United States. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether there were skin fibroblast gene expression differences between subjects with type 1 diabetes (T1D) with or without DN. SETTING This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the University of Minnesota. PATIENTS Study volunt...

Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is known to be associated with antibodies acting on the M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) of the podocyte. However, the mechanism underlying de novo membranous nephropathy (dn MN) posttransplantation remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism underlying dn MN.We selected 8 cases with dn MN and compared them to 20 IMN cases....

Cultivation of CD4-CD8- double negative (DN) mouse thymocytes and splenocytes with recombinant interleukin 2 (IL2) in the absence of other stimulation results in the generation of DN-CD3/TCR+CD16+NK1.1+B220+ large granular lymphocytes (LGL). Purified DN alpha-beta TCR+ thymocytes and splenocytes are CD16+IL2R alpha-IL2R beta+NK1.1+B220-CD5high. These cells are unique in that they express both C...

This study aims to investigate effects of Piwil2 on autohpagy in a DN rat model. Sixty health SD rats were selected and divided into four group, including normal group, control, DN and Piwil2 therapy group. DN model (DN group) was established by injecting the streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) into rats. Piwil2 therapy group was injected with viral plasmid carrying Piwil2 mRNA to DN rats. The urinary pr...

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of endstage renal disease (ESRD) in developed countries. Several environmental and genetic factors predict the development and progression of DN. The renin-angiotensin system was demonstrated to be involved in the development of DN. We evaluated the association between rs4340 of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene and DN in Caucasians with...

Recent studies have demonstrated that activated peripheral alphabeta TCR+ CD3+ CD4- CD8- NK1.1- (double-negative, DN) regulatory T cells (Tregs) from both mice and humans are able to down-regulate immune responses in vitro and in vivo. However, the origin and developmental requirements of functional DN Tregs remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the requirement for CD8 expression as we...

Autoimmune diseases result from a break in immune tolerance. Various mechanisms of peripheral tolerance can protect against autoimmunity, including immunoregulatory CD4(-)CD8(-) double-negative (DN) T cells. Indeed, we have previously shown that diabetes-prone mouse strains exhibit a low proportion of DN T cells relative to that of diabetes-resistant mice, and that a single autologous transfer ...

TCRalphabeta+CD4-CD8- double-negative (DN) T regulatory (Treg) cells have recently been shown to suppress Ag-specific immune responses mediated by CD8+ and CD4+ T cells in humans and mice. Our previous study using cDNA microarray analysis of global gene expression showed that FcRgamma was the most highly overexpressed gene in functional DN Treg cell clones compared with nonfunctional mutant clo...

The exact nature of weak Mg ii absorbers (those with Wr(2796) < 0.3 Å) is a matter of debate, but most are likely related to areas of local star formation or supernovae activity outside of giant galaxies. Using 18 QSO spectra obtained with the Ultra-Violet Echelle Spectrograph (UVES) on the Very Large Telescope (VLT), we have conducted a survey for weak Mg ii absorbers at 1.4 < z < 2.4. We sear...

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is associated with diabetic nephropathy (DN), but its pathophysiological relevance and the mechanisms that compromise adaptive ER signalling in podocytes remain unknown. Here we show that nuclear translocation of the transcription factor spliced X-box binding protein-1 (sXBP1) is selectively impaired in DN, inducing activating transcription factor-6 (ATF6) and ...