Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is frequently complicated with hyponatremia, probably because of fluid overload or diuretic usage. Hyponatremia in CKD population is associated with increased mortality, but the effect on renal outcome was unknown. We investigated whether hyponatremia is associated with fluid status and is a prognostic indicator for adverse outcomes in a CKD cohort of 4,766 patients...

The effect of short-term diuretic treatment on the action of clonidine was evaluated in eight subjects with mild, uncomplicated hypertension. A single oral dose of clonidine (0.3 mg) was given before and after 1 week of therapy with hydrochlorothiazide, 50 mg, and amiloride, 5 mg, taken daily. Changes in mean arterial pressure, heart rate, plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine levels, and plasm...

Synopsis A multicompartmental tracer kinetic model permits analysis of 3D MR renography data in terms of physiologic parameters such as glomerular filtration rate. Validation studies were performed in nine subjects, in whom single kidney GFR measurements were measured using radionuclide clearance methods. Agreement between model-fit values of SKGFR and reference values was high (r=0.77). Other ...

The diagnosis of renovascular hypertension depends heavily on laboratory tests. There is no universally applicable screening test, and it should be actively sought only in patients with clinical clues suggested by the history, physical examination, and routine laboratory testing. Hyperreninemia is a characteristic finding, and acute blockade of the renin system forms the basis of diagnostic tes...

Patients with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) or the nephrotic syndrome frequently manifest diuretic resistance. Factors limiting diuretic responsiveness in patients with CRI may include a reduced basal level of fractional Na(+) reabsorption that places an upper limit on diuretic response, and enhanced NaCl reabsorption in downstream segments, combined with a reduced delivery of diuretic to t...

OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of concomitant intake of beta blockers with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, diuretics, or both on plasma renin concentrations in a population based sample (MONICA survey, Augsburg, Germany). SUBJECT AND METHODS 728 individuals were studied, of whom 171 were treated using monotherapy (ACE inhibitor (n = 21), diuretic (n = 10), or beta blocker (n ...