Due to the advancement in computer technology and readily available tools, it is very easy for the unknown users to produce illegal copies of multimedia data which are floating across the Internet. In order to protect those multimedia data on the Internet many techniques are available including various encryption techniques, steganography techniques, watermarking techniques and information hidi...

This study considers a simple Boolean network with N nodes, each node’s state at time t being determined by a certain number of parent nodes. The network is analyzed when the connectivity k is fixed or variable. Making use of a Boolean rule that is a generalization of Rule 22 of elementary cellular automata, a generalized formula for providing the probability of finding a node in state 1 at a t...

In a telephone link, the voice timbre is impaired by spectral distortions generated by the analog parts of the link. Our purpose is to restore a timbre as close as possible to that of the original voice of the speaker, using a blind equalizer centralized in the network, which compensates for the spectral distortions. We propose a spectral equalization algorithm, which consists in matching the l...

Speech enhancement aims to improve speech quality by using various algorithms. It may sound simple, but what is meant by the word quality. It can be at least clarity and intelligibility, pleasantness, or compatibility with some other method in speech processing. Wiener filter are rather simple and workable, but after the estimation of the background noise, one neglects the fact that the signal ...

Face recognition technology is presenting exciting opportunities, but its performance gets degraded because of several factors, like pose variation, partial occlusion, expression, illumination, biased data, etc. This paper proposes a novel bird search-based shuffled shepherd optimization algorithm (BSSSO), meta-heuristic technique motivated by the intuition animals and social behavior birds, fo...

The aim of this work was to study the relationship between capillary tube flow and the acoustic behavior of household refrigerators by investigating a particular type of fluid-induced noise, known as fluctuating noise. To this end a household refrigerator was carefully instrumented and firstly tested in a reverberant chamber and secondly in a climate-controlled chamber. Acceleration measurement...

Background sounds, such as narration, music with prominent staccato passages, and office noise impair verbal short-term memory even when these sounds are irrelevant. This irrelevant sound effect (ISE) is evoked by so-called changing-state sounds that are characterized by a distinct temporal structure with varying successive auditory-perceptive tokens. However, because of the absence of an appro...

This paper presents a weighted co-occurrence phase histogram (WCPH) for representing local characteristics of texture pattern and applies it to iris recognition. We first introduce a weighting function that enables the phase angle of the image gradient at one pixel to contribute smoothly to several adjacent histogram bins. This accounts for the uncertainty of phase angle estimation brought by t...

Robust and accurate segmentation of moving object in real-time video is very important for object silhouette extraction in vision-based human computer interaction and video surveillance systems. However, the inherent problem of moving object segmentation based on background subtraction is to distinguish the changes from background disturbing effects such as noise and illumination changes. There...

Wind farms produce electricity without causing air pollution and environmental degradation. Unfortunately, wind turbines are a source of infrasound, which may cause a number of physiological effects, such as an increase in cortisol and catecholamine secretion. The impact of infrasound noise, emitted by wind turbines, on the health of geese and other farm animals has not previously been evaluate...