We show that any two different unitary operations acting on an arbitrary multipartite quantum system can be perfectly distinguished by local operations and classical communication when a finite number of runs is allowed. Intuitively, this result indicates that the lost identity of a nonlocal unitary operation can be recovered locally. No entanglement between distant parties is required.

Quantitative measures are introduced for the indistinguishability U of two quantum states in a given measurement and the amount of interference I observable in this measurement. It is shown that these measures obey an inequality U ≥ I which can be seen as an exact formulation of Bohr’s claim that one cannot distinguish between two possible paths of a particle while maintaining an interference p...

It. is common in NLP that the categories into which text is classified do not have fully objective definitions. Examples of such categories are lexical distinctions such as part-of-speech tags and wordsense distinctions, sentence level distinctions such as phrase attachment, and discourse level distinct.icms such as topic or speech-act categorization. This p>1per presents an approach to analy?-...

Takayuki Miyadera ∗ and Hideki Imai ∗,† ∗ Research Center for Information Security (RCIS), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST). Daibiru building 1102, Sotokanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0021, Japan. (e-mail: [email protected]) † Graduate School of Science and Engineering Course of Electrical, Electronic, and Communication Engineering, Chuo Universit...

Spearman distance is a permutation distance which might prove useful for coding, e.g. for codes on permutations. It turns out, however, that the Spearman geometry of strings is rather unruly from the point of view of error correction and error detection, and special care has to be taken to discriminate between the two notions of codeword distance and codeword distinguishability. All of this str...

Distinguishability of photons in non-operational degrees freedom compromises unconditional security quantum key distribution since an eavesdropper can improve attack strategies by exploiting this distinguishability. However, the optimal eavesdropping presence light source side channels are not known. Here we provide several explicit on BB84 protocol with partially distinguishable photons. In pa...