This paper presents a new approach for locating fault in transmission line using intelligent control relaying. Fault must be detected at its inception by issuing an output signal indicating this condition. Neural network approach for locating fault can be posed as a pattern-recognition to recognize pure sinusoidal signals as indicators of a normal system condition; abrupt changes of amplitude, ...

The near-source energy released on a fault is estimated through the strain energy change and the fracture energy from the results of kinematic waveform inversion and dynamic modeling for two different types of earthquakes: a shallow crustal earthquake, the 2000 Tottori, Japan (Mw 6.6) earthquake, and an in-slab event, the 1999 Oaxaca, Mexico (Mw 7.5) earthquake. The procedure incorporates the s...

Tree rings have frequently been used to identify the effects of earthquakes on forests, but little is known about spatial variation in the response of trees to intraplate normal faulting. This paper documents and describes the effects of tree location (distance from and position above or below the fault scarp), size and age on the response of tree rings to the 1959 magnitude 7.5 Hebgen Lake ear...

[1] We present a unified analysis of physical properties of cataclastic fault rocks collected from surface exposures of the central Alpine Fault at Gaunt Creek and Waikukupa River, New Zealand. Friction experiments on fault gouge and intact samples of cataclasite were conducted at 30–33 MPa effective normal stress (sn′) using a double-direct shear configuration and controlled pore fluid pressur...

[1] We investigate the development of fracture distributions as a function of displacement to determine whether damage around small and large faults is governed by the same process. Based on our own field work combined with data from the literature, we find that (1) isolated single faults with small displacements have macrofracture densities that decay as r, where r is distance from the fault p...

This paper proposes a dimension root distance and its similarity measure of single-valued neutrosophic sets (SVNSs), and then develops the fault diagnosis method of hydraulic turbine by using the dimension root similarity measure of SVNSs. By the similarity measure between the fault diagnosis patterns and a testing sample with single-valued neutrosophic information and the relation indices, we ...

groundwater resource is a very important water resource that has stable temperature, clear, tidy and confident. in recent years, population growth, industrialize and need to food and water, have exposed the groundwater resource on the risk. reduction of water resources is a main problem in throughout the world. in this research groundwater potential mapping was obtained in norabad plain, lorest...

Computation of distance to fault on a transmission line is affected by: assumptions in modelling, factors reflecting system operating conditions, and measurement system characteristics. All these factors are subject to many sources of uncertainty including parameter setting errors, measurement errors, as well as absence of information and incomplete modelling of a system under fault conditions....