BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cress-seed (Lepidium sativum) exudate exerts an allelochemical effect, promoting excessive hypocotyl elongation and inhibiting root growth in neighbouring Amaranthus caudatus seedlings. We investigated acidic disaccharides present in cress-seed exudate, testing the proposal that the allelochemical is an oligosaccharin-lepidimoic acid (LMA; 4-deoxy-β-l-threo-hex-4-enopyranuro...

The hydration behavior of two model disaccharides, methyl-D-maltoside (1) and methyl-Disomaltoside (2), has been investigated by a comparative 10 ns molecular dynamics study. The detailed hydration of the two disaccharides was described using three force fields especially developed for modeling of carbohydrates in explicit solvent. To validate the theoretical results the two compounds were synt...

The calcium-dependent lectin I from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA-IL) binds specifically to oligosaccharides presenting an -galactose residue at their non-reducing end, such as the disaccharides Gal1-2GalOMe, Gal1-3GalOMe and Gal1-4GalOMe. This provides a unique model for studying the effect of the glycosidic linkage of the ligands on structure and thermodynamics of the complexes by means o...

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), one of the most important intermediates derived from biomass, was directly produced from monosaccharides (fructose and glucose) and disaccharides (sucrose and cellobiose) by a simple one-pot reaction including hydrolysis, isomerization and dehydration using solid acid and base catalysts under mild conditions.

Glycosylation in room temperature ionic liquid is demonstrated using unprotected and unactivated donors. Modest yields of simple benzyl glycosides and disaccharides of glucose, mannose and N-acetylgalactosamine were obtained in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium benzoate with Amberlite IR-120 (H(+)) resin or p-toluenesulfonic acid as promoters.

α ,2-3- and α ,2-6-sialylated lactosaminide precursor structures obtained by various enzymatic procedures could be used for glycosylations employing triflic acid/N-iodosuccinimide. Easily accessible selectively protected lactoside derivatives served as acceptor disaccharides to give the corresponding human milk pentasaccharides in good yields. These were characterized by spectroscopic means in ...

Dermatan sulfate increases the rate of inhibition of thrombin by heparin cofactor II (HCII) approximately 1000-fold by providing a catalytic template to which both the inhibitor and the protease bind. Dermatan sulfate is a linear polymer of D-glucuronic acid (GlcA) or L-iduronic acid (IdoA) alternating with N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc) residues. Heterogeneity in dermatan sulfate results fr...

Anaerobic fermentation processes are economically attractive for industry, as costs for aeration and stirring are greatly reduced. An example of such a process is (bio) ethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in which a low but positive ATP gain leads to elevated product yields. However, for other fermentative pathways, such as in an engineered homolactic strain of S. cerevisiae, the ne...