background: in an attempt to reduce the risk of developing lymphedema following breast cancer surgery, some researchers suggested that by identifying and preserving the lymphatic plexus which drains ipsilateral arm we can minimize the risk of lymphedema. the procedure is known as axillary reverse mapping (arm). in the current study, we investigated the oncological safety of this technique. meth...

We previously demonstrated that the hand orientation for grasping (azimuth) is strongly coupled to arm movement direction in the horizontal plane. The question is whether this coupling is directly controlled or secondary to a regulation of the arm angular configuration. To this purpose, we quantified hand orientation and arm joint rotations during unconstrained reaching movements in healthy sub...

results at follow-up, the nonoperatively treated patients had better functional outcomes than the operatively treated patients. nonoperatively treated patients also scored better on pain intensity and satisfaction. there were no significant differences in cesd, pcs, and sf-36 physical- and mental health summary scores between cohorts. conclusions the results of this study suggest that operative...

background: nonspecific symptoms are common in all areas of medicine. patients and caregivers can be frustrated when an illness cannot be reduced to a discrete pathophysiological process that corresponds with the symptoms. we therefore asked the following questions: 1) which demographic factors and psychological comorbidities are associated with change from an initial diagnosis of nonspecific a...

BACKGROUND Although important progress has been made during the past decade, research on pain in people with intellectual disabilities is still scarce. Pain assessment in people with intellectual disabilities is a frequent and difficult problem, especially for nurses working with people with intellectual disabilities on a daily basis. Gathering more information about pain in people with intelle...

BACKGROUND Rotator-cuff pathology is the most common cause of pain and disability in the shoulder. Examining the combined effect of biological and societal factors on disability would potentially identify existing differences between men and women with rotator cuff pathology which would help to provide suggestions for better models of care. Purpose of this study was to determine the overall dif...

background: although upper-extremity disability correlates with psychosocial aspects of illness the association with sleep disturbance in upper extremity disability is less certain. to evaluate whether sleep disturbance is associated with upper-extremity disability among patients with upper extremity illness, accounting for sociodemographic, condition-related, and psychosocial factors. methods:...

Has the medication received US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval? If so, what are the indications and uses? Yes . On November 14, 2014, the FDA approved alemtuzumab for treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Because of its safety profile, alemtuzumab should generally be reserved for patients who have had an inadequate response to two or more drugs indicated for the ...

background: h-reflex is a valuable electrophysiological technique for assessing nerve conduction through entire length of afferent and efferent pathways, especially nerve roots and proximal segments of peripheral nerves. the aim of this study was to investigate the relation between normal values of flexor carpi radialis (fcr) h-reflex latency, upper limb length and age in normal subjects, and t...