Extracellular proteins are made in the cytosol and transported out of the cell. Certain proteins travel the opposite way, from the outside to the cytosol. Most of these proteins are toxins made by bacteria and plants, but evidence is accumulating that certain growth factors can do the same. Toxins that enter the cytosol can, according to current knowledge, be roughly classified into two main gr...

Extracellular proteins are made in the cytosol and transported out of the cell. Certain proteins travel the opposite way, from the outside to the cytosol. Most of these proteins are toxins made by bacteria and plants, but evidence is accumulating that certain growth factors can do the same. Toxins that enter the cytosol can, according to current knowledge, be roughly classified into two main gr...

An evaluation of the delayed fluorescence immunoassay (Delfia) against an ELISA method for determination of diphtheria antitoxin levels in serum was performed. The Delfia was also validated in the in vivo toxin neutralisation test (Txn) in rabbits. Two variants of the Delfia were studied, a single-antigen Delfia (sDelfia) with only the diphtheria toxin included and a dual-antigen Delfia (dDelfi...