The crystallisation behaviour of vitrified industrial waste (fly ash from domiciliary solid waste incineration) was examined by differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. It was demonstrated that powder processing route was required to transform the vitrified industrial waste into glass-ceramics products. Time-Temperature-Transformation (TTT) diagrams ...

Introduction: Chemical interactions between Venus’ atmosphere and surface rocks may be crucial to understanding the atmosphere’s composition [1-3], and to interpreting surface geology and physical properties [2,4,5]. Most studies have emphasized the atmosphere – its composition and ‘chemical sediments,’ and few have focused on what happens to basalts and their minerals in reaction with the atmo...

Scandium is important in modern technology and regarded as a strategic metal many countries. It highly dispersed Earth’s crust rarely forms independent minerals. Clinopyroxene the most Sc-bearing mineral some world-class deposits hosted mafic–ultramafic intrusions, which are also major source of laterite-hosted Sc deposits. However, factors controlling distribution minerals have been little exp...

The design and content of MSAT, a new Matlab toolkit for the study and analysis of seismic and elastic anisotropy, is described. Along with a brief introduction to the basic theory of anisotropic elasticity and a guide to the functions provided by the toolkit, three example applications are discussed. First, the toolkit is used to analyse the effect of pressure on the elasticity of the monoclin...

New mineralogical and geochemical data from a suite of glass ± from the mantle (Deines & Gold, 1973; Nelson et al., 1988). However, controversy remains as to whether such apatite ± amphibole ± phlogopite ± carbonate-bearing spinel magmas represent (1) direct partial melts of carbonatewehrlite, lherzolite and harzburgite xenoliths from the Newer Volbearing mantle peridotite (i.e. primary carbona...