The objective of the present study was to evaluate memory performance in tasks with and without affective content (to confirm the mood congruency phenomenon) in acutely admitted patients with bipolar I disorder (BD) and major depression disorder (MDD) and in healthy participants. Seventy-eight participants (24 BD, 29 MDD, and 25 healthy controls) were evaluated. Three word lists were used as th...

In addition to episodic memory impairment, working memory may also be compromised in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's dementia (AD), but standard verbal and visuospatial span tasks do not always detect impairments. Objective To examine whether more complex verbal and visuospatial working memory tasks result in more reliable impairment detection. Methods The Digit Span (forward...

<p><span lang="EN-US">Based on prior research findings with pentacyclic triterpenoids, it was hypothesized that (un)-substituted benzylamides would exhibit enhanced cytotoxic activity compared to parent abietic acid. Conversely, none of these compounds cytotoxic, but (homo)-piperazinyl amides demonstrated significant across multiple cell lines, even at concentrations as low single-d...

BACKGROUND Exposure to organic solvents is common among workers. OBJECTIVE To assess neurobehavioral effects of long-term exposure to organic solvents among rubber workers in Tehran, Iran. METHODS Across-sectional study was conducted on 223 employees of a rubber industry. The participants completed a data collection sheet on their occupational and medical history, and demographic characteri...

OBJECTIVE To examine associations between inflammation and cognitive performance in African Americans and Caucasians. METHODS The sample included 59 African Americans and 219 Caucasians ≥  50 years old who had a baseline visit at the Emory/Georgia Tech Center for Health Discovery and Well Being. Peripheral levels of inflammation (interleukin-6, interleukin-8, C-reactive protein, and tumor nec...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of stereotactic lesional surgery for treatment of tremor in multiple sclerosis on cognition. METHODS Eleven patients (3 males, 8 females) with multiple sclerosis participated in the study. Six subjects comprised the surgical group and five the matched control group. All patients were assessed at baseline and three months using a neuropsychological test battery t...

From Jensen's two-level theory of mental abilities (Level I: rote learning and memory, involving little or no transformation of the input; Level II: complex cognitive processing involving transformation and mental manipulation of input) it was predicted that forward digit span (FDS) should correlate less with IQ than backward digit span (BDS), and age and race should interact with FDS-BDS, with...

The relative usefulness of two digit span (DS) variables in detecting negative response bias, as defined by below cut-off performance on the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM), was examined among primarily middle-aged military veteran outpatients who were judged clinically to be at increased risk for displaying negative response bias on cognitive testing. Digit span variables included DS Age Sca...

Studies using tests such as digit span and nonword repetition have implicated short-term memory across a range of developmental domains. Such tests ostensibly assess specialized processes for the short-term manipulation and maintenance of information that are often argued to enable long-term learning. However, there is considerable evidence for an influence of long-term linguistic learning on p...

The performance of deaf children with cochlear implants was assessed using measures standardized on hearing children. To investigate nonverbal cognitive and sensorimotor processes associated with postimplant variability, five selected sensorimotor and visuospatial subtests from A Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment (NEPSY) were compared with standardized vocabulary, reading, and digit s...