BACKGROUND It has been reported that folic acid supplementation before and/or during pregnancy could reduce the risk of congenital heart defects (CHDs). However, the results from limited epidemiologic studies have been inconclusive. We investigated the associations between maternal folic acid supplementation, dietary folate intake, and the risk of CHDs. METHODS A birth cohort study was conduc...

The effects of dietary omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids glucose tolerance and pancreatic insulin concentration in C57BL/KSJ db/db mice Suraj, Rohini, "The effects of dietary omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids glucose tolerance and pancreatic insulin concentration in C57BL/KSJ db/db mice" (1990). CUNY Academic Works. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Special thanks to Dr. Ronald W. Schwizer for being my sponsor and f...

Eighty-eight multiparous sows were used to evaluate whether type and timing of oil supplementation during gestation influences the incidence of low birth weight (LBW). Sows were allocated (eight per treatment) commercial sow pellets (3 kg/d; control diet) or an experimental diet consisting of control diet plus 10 % extra energy in the form of excess pellets, palm oil, olive oil (OO), sunflower ...

BACKGROUND Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a family of positional and geometric isomers with 2 conjugated double bonds formed from linoleic acid and linolenic acid. CLA has a wide range of biological effects, including body fat reduction. OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to determine CLA's effects on energy expenditure, macronutrient utilization, and dietary fat oxidation in overweight ad...

Background Studies have shown that zinc and selenium deficiency is common in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the effects of zinc and selenium co-supplementation before and/or after disease progression on NAFLD are not clear enough. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of zinc and selenium co-supplementation before and/or after disease progression on NAFLD prognosi...

BACKGROUND The milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) is primarily composed of polar phospho- and sphingolipids, which have established biological effects on neuroplasticity. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary MFGM supplementation on the neuromuscular system during post-natal development. METHODS Growing rats received dietary supplementation with bovine-derived MFGM mixtur...

Supplementation with nitrate (NO₃-)-rich beetroot juice has been shown to improve exercise performance and cardiovascular (CV) responses, due to an increased nitric oxide (NO) availability. However, it is unclear whether these benefits are greater in older adults who have an age-related decrease in NO and higher risk of disease. This systematic review examines 12 randomised, crossover, control ...

Taurine has been demonstrated to be a conditionally indispensable nutrient for several carnivorous fish species. Currently, trout feeds contain reduced levels of fishmeal which had been the primary source of dietary taurine. The reduction of fishmeal in the diet, and thus dietary taurine, may limit growth. A 12-week feeding trial was conducted using a factorial treatment design with taurine sup...

We found that vitamin C is an essential nutrient for an Amazonian ornamental fish, the oscar (Astronotus ocellatus). This was demonstrated by the absence of L-gulonolactone oxidase activity, the enzyme responsible for the biosynthesis of vitamin C, in liver or kidney of oscars and by a feeding trial in which oscars without vitamin C dietary supplementation developed clinical deficiency signs. F...

In the present study, the effects of different forage-to-concentrate ratios (F:C) and an alkyl polyglycoside (APG) supplementation on parameters of rumen and blood metabolism were investigated in goats. A 2 x 2 factorial experiment was arranged within a 4 x 4 Latin square design (four 22-day periods), using four wether goats equipped with permanent ruminal cannulas. The experimental diets inclu...