OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of dietary fibers and glycemic load with plasma adiponectin in diabetic women and investigate the modification effect of obesity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis in 902 women with type 2 diabetes from the Nurses' Health Study. Dietary information was obtained using semiquantitative food fre...

Obesity leads to changes in the gut microbial community which contribute to the metabolic dysregulation in obesity. Dietary fat and fiber affect the caloric density of foods. The impact of dietary fat content and fiber type on the microbial community in the hind gut is unknown. Effect of dietary fat level and fiber type on hindgut microbiota and volatile fatty acid (VFA) profiles was investigat...

The authors examined the associations between dietary factors and the risk of duodenal ulcer in a prospective cohort of 47,806 men, aged 40-75 years, who were free of diagnosed gastric or duodenal ulcer or cancer. During 6 years of follow-up, they documented 138 newly diagnosed cases of duodenal ulcer. They found little evidence for an important effect of fat, type of fat, or protein intake. Hi...

OBJECTIVE We conducted a meta-analysis of 25 randomized controlled trials published in English-language journals before February 2004, to assess the effect of dietary fiber intake on blood pressure (BP). DESIGN Using a standardized protocol, information on study design, sample size, participant characteristics, duration of follow-up and change in mean BP, was abstracted. The data from each st...

The authors prospectively examined whether change in dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), fiber intake, or whole-grain intake during puberty is associated with concurrent change in percentage of body fat (%BF) or body mass index (BMI; weight (kg)/height)(2). Linear mixed-effects regression analyses were performed in 215 participants from the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric L...

AIM This evaluation aims to describe the quantity and quality of dietary fat, carbohydrate and fiber intake in both German cohorts participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). METHODS Estimates are based on standardized computer-guided 24-hour dietary recalls from 1,078 women and 1,013 men in Heidelberg and 898 women and 1,032 men in Potsdam. In a ...

Inadequate dietary fiber intake contributes to the prevalent irregularity and constipation in Western countries. Although eating adequate amounts of fibers from fiber-rich foods, foods with added fibers and dietary fiber supplements is considered the first option for improving laxation, the efficacy can vary among types of fibers. The present study is a randomized control trial that included he...

diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic diseases in nearly all countries. it is difficult to treat and expensive to manage. the development of type 2 diabetes is strongly related to lifestyle factors, thus it might be a preventable disease. observational studies and intervention trials have shown that physical activity, weight loss and dietary intake including whole grain, dietary f...

Foods naturally high in dietary fiber are generally considered to protect against development of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the intrinsic effect of dietary fiber on intestinal carcinogenesis is unclear. We used azoxymethane (AOM) treated A/J Min/+ mice, which developed a significantly higher tumor load in the colon than in the small intestine, to compare the effects of dietary inulin (IN...

Dietary fiber, fiber fractions, carbohydrate, glycemic index, and glycemic load were prospectively assessed five times over 18 years with a validated food frequency questionnaire in relation to breast cancer risk among 88,678 women (aged 34-59 years at baseline) in the Nurses' Health Study. Incident breast cancer occurred in 4,092 of these women between 1980 and 1998. The authors observed no ma...