The linear particle depolarization ratios at 440, 675, 870, and 1020 nm were derived using data taken with the AERONET sun–sky radiometer at Seoul (37.45 N, 126.95 E), Kongju (36.47 N, 127.14 E), Gosan (33.29 N, 126.16 E), and Osaka (34.65 N, 135.59 E). The results are compared to the linear particle depolarization ratio measured by lidar at 532 nm. The correlation coefficient R2 between the li...

We have systematically examined the circular polarization of monolayer WSe2 at different temperature, excitation energy and exciton density. The valley depolarization in WSe2 is experimentally confirmed to be governed by the intervalley electron-hole exchange interaction. More importantly, a non-monotonic dependence of valley circular polarization on the excitation power density has been observ...

The term spreading depolarization (SD) refers to waves of abrupt, sustained mass depolarization in gray matter of the CNS. SD, which spreads from neuron to neuron in affected tissue, is characterized by a rapid near-breakdown of the neuronal transmembrane ion gradients. SD can be induced by hypoxic conditions--such as from ischemia--and facilitates neuronal death in energy-compromised tissue. S...

Studies on potential treatments of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) are important to improve the global situation in face pandemic. This review proposes lithium as a drug treat COVID-19. Our hypothesis states that can suppress NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activity, inhibit cell death, and exhibit immunomodulation via membrane depolarization. was for...

The Gibbs-like variational methodology is applied to the heterogeneous systems with rigid pyroelectric or pyromagnetic domains. processes of depolarization/demagnetization are taken into account by assuming spatial mobility interfaces. simplest configuration flat interface separating half-spaces permits explicit analysis morphological stability.

Recent radio polarization observations have revealed a plethora of unexpected features in the polarized Galactic radio background that arise from propagation effects in the random (turbulent) interstellar medium. The canals are especially striking among them, a random network of very dark, narrow regions clearly visible in many directions against a bright polarized Galactic synchrotron backgrou...

Vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) contraction is mediated in part by calcium influx through L-type voltage-gated Ca channels (VGCC) and activation of the RhoA/Rho kinase (ROK) signaling cascade. We tested the hypothesis that Ca influx through VGCCs regulates SMC differentiation marker expression and that these effects are dependent on RhoA/ROK signaling. Depolarization-induced activation of VGC...

Apical dendrites of layer 5 pyramidal cells in a slice preparation of rat sensorimotor cortex were depolarized focally by long-lasting glutamate iontophoresis while recording intracellularly from their soma. In most cells the firing pattern evoked by the smallest dendritic depolarization that evoked spikes consisted of repetitive bursts of action potentials. During larger dendritic depolarizati...

Panek I, Höger U, French AS, Torkkeli PH. Contributions of voltageand Ca -activated conductances to GABA-induced depolarization in spider mechanosensory neurons. J Neurophysiol 99: 1596–1606, 2008. First published January 23, 2008; doi:10.1152/jn.01267.2007. Activation of ionotropic -aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors depolarizes neurons that have high intracellular [Cl ], causing inhib...