Context. The methylidyne cation (CH) and hydroxyl (OH) are key molecules in the warm interstellar chemistry, but their formation and excitation mechanisms are not well understood. Their abundance and excitation are predicted to be enhanced by the presence of vibrationally excited H2 or hot gas (∼500−1000 K) in photodissociation regions (PDRs) with high incident far-ultraviolet (FUV) radiation f...

large scale land use/cover changes and habitat fragmentation is a major factor in the distribution and functioning of ecosystems. for analysis the relationship between land use changes and their impacts on biodiversity, land cover and land use information is needed at different scales. the main goal of this study was to quantify the land use/ cover changes in arasbaran biosphere reserve, northw...

We present observations of the HCN and HCO J=1-0 transitions in the center of the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 6946 made with the BIMA and CARMA interferometers. Using the BIMA SONG CO map, we investigate the change in the IHCN/ICO and IHCO+/ICO integrated intensity ratios as a function of radius in the central kiloparsec of the galaxy, and find that they are strongly concentrated at the center. We...

We used a DNA-specific staining technique to show the two states of DNA component distributed in the nucleolar region of Allium sativum cells. One state is the extended DNA fiber, and the other is the condensed DNA clump. In situ hybridization demonstrated that the extended DNA fiber was an rRNA gene. Anti-fibrillarin antibody immunolabeling revealed that these rRNA genes were located in the de...

We study the rheology and distribution of interparticle contact lifetimes for gravity-driven, dense granular flows of noncohesive particles down an inclined plane using large-scale, three dimensional, granular dynamics simulations. Rather than observing a large number of long-lived contacts as might be expected for dense flows, brief binary collisions predominate. In the hard-particle limit, th...

Large–scale molecular dynamics simulations of a Ms = 4.3 shock in dense argon (ρ = 532 kg/m3, T = 300 K) and a Ms = 3.6 shock in dense nitrogen (ρ = 371 kg/m3, T = 300 K) have been performed. Results for moments (up to order 10) of the velocity distribution function are shown. The excess even moments of the shock–normal velocity component (i.e., in the direction of shock propagation) are positi...

We address the problem of tracking points in dense vector fields. Such vector fields may come from computational fluid dynamics simulations, environmental monitoring sensors, or dense point tracking of video data. To track points in vector fields, we capture the distribution of higher-order properties of vector fields (e.g., properties derived from the gradient of the velocity vector field) in ...

We address the problem of scatternet formation for network scenarios with a non-uniform distribution of Bluetooth devices. The assumption of having a non-uniform distribution of devices in a given area of interest is motivated by examples that can be encountered in real scenarios. We propose a new scatternet formation protocol called BlueHRT (Bluetooth Hybrid Ring Tree) that results in a hybrid...

BACKGROUND National legislation is under consideration that would require women with mammographically dense breasts to be informed of their breast density and encouraged to discuss supplemental breast cancer screening with their health care providers. The number of US women potentially affected by this legislation is unknown. METHODS We determined the mammographic breast density distribution ...