Keyphrases D Pharmaceutical salts-general pharmacy, physicochemical properties, bioavailability, pharmaceutical properties, toxicology, review J:J Salts, pharmaceutical-general pharmacy, physicochemical properties, bioavailability, pharmaceutical properties, toxicology, review J:J Physicochemical properties-dissolution, solubility, stability, and organoleptic properties of pharmaceutical salts,...

A brief history of the development of the field of aquatic toxicology is provided. In order to provide a perspective on the state-of-the-art in aquatic toxicology relative to classical toxicology, the two fields are compared from the standpoint of the type of scientist practicing each field, the respective objectives of each, the forces which drive the activity in each field, and the major adva...

In cooperation with: Susanne Brendler-Schwaab, Harald Enzmann, Ludwig Schladt, Toxicology Rodent Studies and Genetic Toxicology, Bayer AG, Wuppertal; Erhard Deml, Doris Oesterle, Institute of Toxicology of the National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg; Karin Küttler, Werner Mellert, Product Safety Regulations, Toxicology and Ecology, BASF AG, Ludwigshafen; Oliver Mönnikes,...

a Department of Toxicology, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran b Novin Kavosh Mamatir, 20th Street, Kaveh Industrial Zone, Saveh, Iran c Department of Clinical Toxicology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran d Department of Clinical Toxicology, School of Medicine and Razi Drug Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 141...

Toxicology has been an active research field for many decades, with academic, industrial and government involvement. Modern omics computational approaches are changing the field, from merely disease-specific observational models into target-specific predictive models. Traditionally, toxicology strong links other fields such as biology, chemistry, pharmacology medicine. With rise of synth...

background: occupational lead poisoning is a health problem in iran. it has not previously been studied in traditional tile makers. objective: to determine the prevalence of lead poisoning and its complications in traditional tile workers in mashhad, northwest of iran. methods: we visited workers in two traditional tile factories and collected data by direct history taking and physical examinat...

background: copper sulfate ingestion is a relatively popular method for committing suicide in indian subcontinent. it causes a high mortality rate, and so a growing concern has been raised to identify the severe alarming signs suggestive of poor prognosis and to improve treatment approaches. case report: a 22-year-old unmarried man working as a painter was found unconscious at his friend reside...

65 Conventional wisdom suggests ethnic inequality predicts civil war onset. Stewart suggests that when individual selfesteem is bound up with ethnic identity, ethnic inequality produces grievances that lead to mobilization and civil war. However, recent cross-national studies have been inconclusive due to methodological problems (Fearon J & Laitin D, working paper presented at APSA 1999). Altho...

Risk assessment is the process of quantifying the probability of a harmful effect to individuals or populations from human activities. Mechanistic approaches to risk assessment have been generally referred to as systems toxicology. Systems toxicology makes use of advanced analytical and computational tools to integrate classical toxicology and quantitative analysis of large networks of molecula...