A supply chain is characterized by uncertain demands (demand-side uncertainty) and uncertainties associated with the performances of the production facilities (supply-side uncertainty). In this paper, a method is proposed to plan production in a supply chain with a multi-echelon supply process with unreliable production facilities working in markets with uncertain demand. In such a system it is...

Supply chain management is taken into account as an inseparable component in satisfying customers' requirements. This paper deals with the distribution network design (DND) problem which is a critical issue in achieving supply chain accomplishments. A capable DND can guarantee the success of the entire network performance. However, there are many factors that can cause fluctuations in input dat...

We consider a seller with uncertain demand for its product. If the demand curve were certain, then setting price and setting quantity would be equivalent ways to frame the seller’s problem of choosing a profit-maximizing point on its demand curve. With uncertain demand, these become distinct sales mechanisms. We distinguish between uncertainty about the market size and uncertainty about the con...

The main purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of market demand uncertainty in the coopetitive insurance market. To that end, we build a game-theory model including training investments of insurance agents in an insurance market with demand uncertainty. We derive the following results from our analysis. First, insurance firms undertake less training investment if it is determin...

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hub location problems are among the extensions ofclassical location problems that have numerous applications in designingtransportation, postal, and telecommunication networks. despite the evidentattention of researchers to these problems, there are few studies on designinghub networks under uncertainty and disruption. in this study, the capacitatedsingle allocation hub location problem under d...

The awareness of energy consumption is an important factor for production. Energy consumption is related to costs. Regulations and laws have to be fulfilled. Furthermore, the ecological aspects have to be considered. Nevertheless, competitive goals prohibit an solely energy driven production control. In this paper, we describe the use case of demand-side energy management in the context of the ...

Pakistan's population welfare program was established with the assumption that many people in Pakistan did not use contraception because they had no access to an available supply of contraceptive methods. Were they provided contraceptives, widespread latent demand would translate into effective demand, and the contraceptive supplies would be used. The population welfare program since its ince...

The continuing expansion of Internet media consumption has increased traffic volumes, and hence congestion, on access links. In response, both mobile and wireline ISPs must either increase capacity or perform traffic engineering over existing resources. Unfortunately, provisioning timescales are long, the process is costly, and single-homing means operators cannot balance across the last mile. ...