Co-seismic deformation of the ground can be measured from aerial views taken before and after an earthquake. As a test example we chose the area of the Kickapoo-Landers stepover along the 1992 Landers earthquake zone, using air photos in a scale of 1:40,000 scanned at 0.4 m in resolution. A pair of photos acquired after the earthquake is used to assess the accuracy and evaluate various sources ...

[1] We analyzed aftershocks and postseismic deformation recorded by the continuous GPS station AREQ following the Mw = 8.4, 23 June 2001 Peru earthquake. This station moved by 50 cm trenchward, in a N235 E direction during the coseismic phase, and continued to move in the same direction for an additional 15 cm over the next 2 years. We compare observations with the prediction of a simple one-di...

[1] Dynamic pore pressure changes in the overriding wedge above a shallow-dipping plate interface significantly affect the rupture dynamics of shallow subduction zone earthquakes and their tsunamigenesis. For a wedge on the verge of Coulomb failure everywhere including the basal fault, the dynamic pore pressure increase due to up-dip rupture propagation leads to widespread yielding within the w...

[1] Starting soon after the 1997 eruption at Okmok volcano and continuing until the start of the 2008 eruption, magma accumulated in a storage zone centered ∼3.5 km beneath the caldera floor at a rate that varied with time. A Mogi‐type point pressure source or finite sphere with a radius of 1 km provides an adequate fit to the deformation field portrayed in time‐sequential interferometric synth...

[1] The geometry of the ruptured areas and the coseismic slip distribution data are key to highlighting the behavior of seismic faults. This information is generally retrieved from field investigations and geodetic measurements or synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry. Here we show that SPOT images can also be used to accurately map the fault zone and to determine the slip distribution ...

Friction stir processing (FSP) has been developed on the principles of friction stir welding (FSW) as an effective and efficien new method for grain refinement and microstructural modification, providing intense plastic deformation as well as higher strain rates than other conventional severe plastic deformation methods. FSP produces an equiaxed homogeneous microstructure consisting of fine gra...

When the frequencies of a pair of collinear shear and longitudinal waves satisfy the resonant condition, mixing of these two primary waves generates a third, resonant shear wave that propagates in the direction opposite to the propagating direction of the primary shear wave. In this study, experiments were conducted to demonstrate that the acoustic nonlinearity parameter at the location of the ...

A well-controlled and minimal experimental scheme for dynamic fracture along weak planes is specifically designed for the validation of large-scale simulations using cohesive finite elements. The role of the experiments in the integrated approach is two-fold. On the one hand, careful measurements provide accurate boundary conditions and material parameters for a complete setup of the simulation...

The 1999 Izmit earthquake (17/08/1999, Mw=7.4) was one of the largest earthquakes in the past 100 years in the northwestern region of Turkey. This earthquake occurred along the Izmit-Sapanca fault within the Northern Anatolian Fault Zone. Variations in the generalized fractal dimensions (Dq) of clustering in time and space, the Gutenberg-Richter b-value, and earthquake frequency (N) are evaluat...

The Persistent Scatterer Interferometry Wide Area Product (PSI-WAP) based on ERS1 & ERS2 radar data has been used in the seismic active area of Atalanti Faulting Zone (Central Greece) to spatially and temporally study the ground deformation for the period 1992-2003. The observed LOS velocity field, with values ranging between -0.5 to -5.0 mm/yr, combined with small standard deviation velocity v...