New methods for determining the distance of a simple class of objects from a camera system are presented. The methods use the defocus or blur information in the images formed by an optical system such as a convex lens. Paraxial geometric optics forms the theoretical basis of these methods. The class of objects includes bright points, lines, step edges, blobs, stripes, and smooth edges. Only one...

This paper presents a novel iterative feedback framework for simultaneous estimation of depth map and All-In-Focus (AIF) image, which benefits each other in each stage to obtain final convergence: For the recovery of AIF image, sparse prior of natural image is incorporated to ensure high quality defocus removal even under inaccurate depth estimation. In depth estimation step, we feed back the c...

Abstract Not only our conscious expectations, wishes and intentions are directed towards the future, but also pre- or unconscious tendencies, hunches anticipations. Using a term of Ernst Bloch, they can be summarized as not-yet-conscious . This mostly unfolds spontaneously without plan; it is not directly anticipated aimed at, rather comes to awareness in such way that subject is, were, surpris...

We propose a method for simultaneous recovery of depth and restoration of scene intensity, given two defocused images of a scene. The space-variant blur parameter and the focused image of the scene are modeled as Markov random.fields (MRFs). Line fields are included to preserve discontinuities. The joint posterior distribution of the blur parameter and the intensity process is examined for loca...

Ship detection from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images has become a major research field in recent years. It plays role monitoring the ocean, marine rescue activities, and safety warnings. However, there are still some factors that restrict further improvements detecting performance, e.g., multi-scale ship transformation unfocused caused by motion. In order to resolve these issues, this pape...

For a given camera setting, scene points that lie outside of depth of field (DOF) will appear defocused (or blurred). Defocus causes a loss in image details. To recover details from a defocused region, deblurring techniques must be employed. It is well known that deblurring quality is closely related to the defocus kernel or point-spread-function (PSF), whose shape is largely determined by the ...

PURPOSE Ordinary spherocylindrical refractive errors have been recognized as a cause of monocular diplopia for over a century, yet explanation of this phenomenon using geometrical optics has remained problematic. This study tests the hypothesis that the diffraction theory treatment of refractive errors will provide a more satisfactory explanation of monocular diplopia. METHODS Diffraction the...

PURPOSE To determine the effects of defocus-induced blur adaptation on human contrast sensitivity (CS) function. METHODS Defocused (+2 D) CS was measured for spatial frequencies between 0.5 and 12 cycles per degree (cpd) before and after adaptation to +2 D blur in six subjects with normal vision. During the 30-minute adaptation period with +2 D lens, subjects were exposed to a succession of s...

Two well-known problems of stereoscopic displays are the accommodation-convergence conflict and the lack of natural blur for defocused objects. We present a new technique that we name Super Stereoscopy (SS3D) to provide a convenient solution to these problems. Regular stereoscopic glasses are replaced by SS3D glasses which deliver at least two parallax images per eye through pinholes equipped w...