The maximum likelihood (ML) technique plays an important role in direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation. In this paper, we employ and design the expectation–conditional maximization either (ECME) algorithm, a generalization of expectation–maximization for solving ML direction finding problem stochastic sources, which may be correlated, unknown nonuniform noise. Unlike alternating maximization, E...

Definite Determinantal polynomials play a crucial role in semidefinite programming problems. Helton and Vinnikov proved that real zero (RZ) bivariate are definite determinantals. Indeed, general, it is difficult problem to decide whether given polynomial determinantal, if is, of paramount interest determine determinantal representation polynomial. We provide necessary sufficient condition for t...

In this paper we present a method for extracting general structures of the verb groups from a tagged and fully disambiguated corpus and consecutive exploitation of these structures for the building a formal grammar in the Prolog DCG fashion. Our goal is to apply them as a rules for the analysis of the Czech verb groups in the nondisambiguated grammatically tagged Czech corpus texts. The problem...

The present work reports our attempt in automating the translation of English noun phrase (NP) into Arabic. Translating NP is a very important task toward sentence translation since NPs form the majority of textual content of the scientific and technical documents. The system is implemented in Prolog and the parser is written in DCG formalism. The paper also describes our experience with the de...

Machine recognition of mathematical expressions is not trivial even when all the individual characters and symbols in an expression can be recognized correctly. In this paper, we propose to use Deenite Clause Grammar (DCG) as a formalism to deene a set of replacement rules for parsing mathematical expressions. With DCG, we are not only able to deene the replacement rules concisely, but their de...

Existing CAPTCHA solutions are a major source of user frustration on the Internet today, frequently forcing companies to lose customers and business. Game CAPTCHAs are a promising approach which may make CAPTCHA solving a fun activity for the user. One category of such CAPTCHAs – called Dynamic Cognitive Game (DCG) CAPTCHA – challenges the user to perform a game-like cognitive (or recognition) ...

Logic programming rules are provided to capture the rules governing formal poetry in Spanish. The resulting logic program scans verses in Spanish to provide their metric analysis. The program uses DCG grammars to model the division of each word into syllables, and additional predicates are employed to de ne metric phenomena such as synaloepha, syllable count of a verse, rhyme of a word... The s...

In Danish relative clauses and embedded interrogative clauses are not extraction islands. However, there is an asymmetry between the two clauses. In Danish it is possible to extract the subject out of an embedded interrogative clause. Extraction of the subject out of a relative clause, on the other hand, is not allowed. In this paper we present a formal HPSG analysis of extraction in Danish whi...