[1] There is increasing interest in the use of multiple measurement types, including indirect (geophysical) methods, to constrain hydrologic interpretations. To date, most examples integrating geophysical measurements in hydrology have followed a three‐step, uncoupled inverse approach. This approach begins with independent geophysical inversion to infer the spatial and/or temporal distribution ...

Details of Earth’s shallow subsurface—a key component of the critical zone (CZ)—are largely obscured because making direct observations with sufficient density to capture natural characteristic spatial variability in physical properties is difficult. Yet this inaccessible region of the CZ is fundamental to processes that support ecosystems, society, and the environment. Geophysical methods prov...

The Pandian deposit is a newly discovered contact metasomatic skarn magnetite found in the Cainozoic super-thick overburden on northwest margin of Luxi Uplift (LXU). Presently, horizontal scale delineated by potential field (gravity and magnetic method) has shown giant for ore deposits, mapping ore-controlling structures vertical becomes primary task metallogenic prediction. In our study, wide-...

Over the last two decades, marine science, aided by technological advances in sediment coring, geophysical imaging and remotely operated submersibles, has played a major role in the investigation of contemporary and former ice sheets. Notable advances have been achieved with respect to reconstructing the extent and flow dynamics of the large polar ice sheets and their mid-latitude counterparts ...

Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) electromagnetic signals are of great interest in a variety of applications, including the transmission of communication signals over long distances in seawater and below the Earth’s surface, deep geophysical sounding, and the study of electrical atmospheric phenomena known as sferics. In subsurface signaling applications, wireless electromagnetic methods generally ...

We propose a preprocessing methodology for well-log geophysical data based on Fast Independent Component Analysis (FastICA) and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), in order to improve the success rate of the K-NN automatic classifier. The K-NN have been commonly applied to facies recognition in well-log geophysical data for hydrocarbon reservoir modeling and characterization. The preprocess was ma...

We have developed and built a highly accurate laser strainmeter for geophysical observations. It features the precise length measurement of a 100-m optical cavity with reference to a stable quantum standard. Unlike conventional laser strainmeters based on simple Michelson interferometers that require uninterrupted fringe counting to track the evolution of ground deformations, this instrument is...

Geochemical observations place several constraints on geophysical processes in the mantle, including a requirement to maintain several distinct reservoirs. Geophysical constraints limit plausible physical locations of these reservoirs to a thin basal layer, isolated deep 'piles' of material under large-scale mantle upwellings, high-viscosity blobs/plums or thin strips throughout the mantle, or ...

In spite of numerous active and passive seismological investigations, the existence continuous or interrupted continental subduction below Western Alps is still open to debate. Many observations focus on Moho deeper part mantle, while reliable information Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary (LAB) Alpine region scarce. Exploiting data from dense, broadband AlpArray Seismic Network we present a se...

Abstract This study aims for the protection of a crude-oil pipeline, buried at shallow depth, against probable environmental hazard and pilferage. Both surface borehole geophysical techniques such as electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), ground penetrating radar (GPR), seismic refraction (SRT), cross-hole (CST) profiling (CSP) were used to map vulnerable zones. Data acquired using ERT, GPR S...