This paper proposes a technique for the logical labelling of document images. It makes use of a decision-tree based approach to learn and then recognise the logical elements of a page. A state-of-the-art OCR gives the physical features needed by the system. Each block of text is extracted during the layout analysis and raw physical features are collected and stored in the ALTO format. The data-...

Two-stage data envelopment analysis (2-DEA) is commonly used in productive efficiency analysis to estimate the effects of operational conditions and practices on performance. In this method the DEA efficiency estimates are regressed on contextual variables representing the operational conditions. We reexamine the statistical properties of the 2-DEA estimator, and find that it is statistically c...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA 1) in canine population is approximately 40-60%. Often data are limited to a small number of breeds and/or dogs. The aims of this study were to evaluate frequency of DEA 1 in a large population of purebred and mongrel dogs including Italian native breeds and to recognize a possible association between DEA 1 and breed, sex, and genetic an...

Data Envelopment Analysis is based on linear programming problems (LPP) in order to find the efficiency of Decision Making Units (DMUs). This process can be computationally intense, as a LPP has to be run for each unit. Besides, a typical DEA LPP has a large number of redundant constraints concerning the inefficient DMUs. That results in degenerate LPPs and in some cases, multiple efficient sol...

Quantifying cartilage contact stress is paramount to understanding hip osteoarthritis. Discrete element analysis (DEA) is a computationally efficient method to estimate cartilage contact stresses. Previous applications of DEA have underestimated cartilage stresses and yielded unrealistic contact patterns because they assumed constant cartilage thickness and/or concentric joint geometry. The stu...

The methods currently used to determine the scaling exponent of a complex dynamic process described by a time series are based on the numerical evaluation of variance. This means that all of them can be safely applied only to the case where ordinary statistical properties hold true even if strange kinetics are involved. We illustrate a method of statistical analysis based on the Shannon entropy...

This article computes the energy productivity changes of regions in Japan using total-factor frameworks based on data envelopment analysis (DEA). Since the traditional DEA-Malmquist index cannot analyze changes in single-factor productivity changes under the total-factor framework, we apply a new index proposed by Hu and Chang [2009. Total-factor energy productivity growth of regions in China. ...

Diethanolamine (DEA) is a widely used ingredient in many consumer products and in a number of industrial applications. It has been previously reported that dermal administration of DEA to mice diminished hepatic stores of choline and altered brain development in the fetus. The aim of this study was to use mouse neural precursor cells in vitro to assess the mechanism underlying the effects of DE...

  In this paper, different input-oriented ratio-based DEA (DEA-R-I) models are proposed. By presenting the envelopment-additive-enhanced Russell model based on the DEA-R-I form, each decision making unit is evaluated and its efficiency score is calculated. Also, by presenting the central resource allocation model based on the DEA-R-I form, a suitable benchmark for all DMUs is proposed by solvin...

This paper presents an integrated simulation, multivariate analysis and multiple decision analysis for railway system improvement and optimization. Furthermore, the integrated model is based on data envelopment analysis (DEA) and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) that is integrated with computer simulation [24]. The integrated DEA and AHP simulation model can be used for selecting optimum alte...