Several thousands of million tons of wastes are generated worldwide every year. Of these, organic solid wastes have the potential to partially satisfy the production of chemicals, whilst the environmental impact can be minimized and the sustainability of the processes increased compared to those based on fossil resources. However, these wastes are complex due to their high heterogeneity, and ne...

With the increasing of plastics content in solid waste, both municipal and industrial, also increases the interest in its use as an energy source. Some of these wastes are an important potential source of energy and might be valorized using the pyrolysis or gasification processes. However, the presence of high chlorine contents in its composition prevents its management by a thermal process, as...

The production of a notable and highly effective pectinase and cellulase, by the commercial baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cervisiae utilizing potato processing wastes, was achieved in 5-day solid state fermentation (SSF) cultures, at temperature 25 °C, pH range 4.0-5.0 and additive of ferric chloride. Pectinase and cellulase activities were stimulated by using potato wastes supplemented with urea...

Magnesium wastes and scraps, one of the metal wastes, are produced by many industrial activities, all over the world. Their growing size is becoming a future problem for the world. In this study, the use of magnesium wastes as a raw material in the production of the magnesium borate hydrates are aimed. The method used in the experiments is hydrothermal synthesis. The conditions are set to, wast...

The combustion of fossil fuels (eg coal, oil shale) to generate energy results in the production of alkaline solid wastes @y ash, clean coal technology (CCT) ash, spent shale etc). Reactions involving calcium (Ca) and carbon dioxide (C02) usually control the pH and mobility of inorganic contaminants such as Cd, P b and Se in alkaiine solid wastes. Samples offly ash, spent shale iutd CCT ash wer...

The hazards associated with pathogens in land-applied animal and human wastes have long been recognized. Management of these risks requires an understanding of sources, concentrations, and removal by processes that may be used to treat the wastes; survival in the environment; and exposure to sensitive populations. The major sources are animal feeding operations, municipal wastewater treatment p...

Biogas derived from organic wastes is considered as good alternative to petroleum fuels. It can be used in compression ignition (CI) engines, because of its better mixing ability with air and clean burning nature. Biogas is produced by anaerobic digestion of various organic substances such as kitchen wastes, agricultural wastes, municipal solid wastes, cow dung etc., in absence of oxygen, which...

Lignocellulosic wastes are used as feed stock since are abundantly available. The basic problems involved with bioethanol production from lignocellulosic wastes are high consumption of chemicals used for saccharification, delignification and glucose availability. These problems are considered as important themes of the present study. Ultrasound assisted saccharification was carried out using sa...

Industrial wastes may produce leachates that can contaminate the aquatic ecosystem. Toxicity testing in acute and chronic levels is essential to assess environmental risks from the soluble fractions of these wastes, since only chemical analysis may not be adequate to classify the hazard of an industrial waste. In this study, ten samples of solid wastes from textile, metal-mechanic, and pulp and...

Industrial biotechnology processes have recently been exploited for an economic utilization of wastes to produce value added products. Of which, fish waste is one of the rich sources of proteins that can be utilized as low cost substrates for microbial enzyme production. Fish heads, tails, fins, viscera and the chitinous materials make up the wastes from fish industries. Processing these wastes...