In the presented study, CuO-CoO-MnO/SiO2 nanocomposite was synthesis by Cu(II), Co(II), Mn(II), with 1:1:1 mole ratio and Tetraethyl orthosilicate. azo–azomethine 1-(3-imino-4-hydroxophenylazo-4-nitrobenzene)-4-methyl phenol (L) was synthesized and used as a ligand for capturing the metal ions. Also, 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide was applied as the i...

Dopaminergic dysfunction in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. On the other hand, administration of the NMDAR antagonist phencyclidine (PCP) impairs PFC functions and induces a broad range of schizophrenic-like symptoms, thus has been widely used as an animal model for schizophrenia. This study sought to determine the mechanism by which PCP ...

Four 25-nt oligonucleotides consisting of sequences of dA and dT (D1-4) have been synthesized. As shown in a companion paper (Rippe et al., 1989), the two combinations D1.D3 and D2.D4 form normal antiparallel duplexes, whereas the pairs D1.D2 and D3.D4 constitute duplexes with the same sequences, but with the two strands parallel to each other. The activities of the following DNA processing enz...

English. This paper presents the steps undertaken for building a word formation lexicon for Latin. The types of word formation rules are discussed and the semiautomatic procedure to pair their input and output lexical items is evaluated. An on-line graphical query system to access the lexicon is described as well. Italiano. Questo articolo presenta le procedure di realizzazione di un lessico mo...

Th1 lymphocytes produce cytokines such as IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, TNF-β and GM-CSF and play an important role in the increase of delaying sensitivity and defense against intracellular pathogens. IFN-γ is the most important Th1 cell cytokine that induces the production of IgG, activation of macrophages,enhancing phagocytosis, and also increasing MHC class I and class II mo...

Systemically administered interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been shown to preferentially bind to IL-1 receptors (IL-1Rs) in inflammation. Using radiolabeled IL-1alpha and molecular methods to assess gene expression for these receptors, the in vivo behavior of these receptors was investigated in a number of experimental inflammatory conditions. The uptake of 125I-labeled IL-1alpha in inflammatory foci si...

Little is known about the distinct roles of the two types of IL-4R on DC. Here we report that IL-4 and IL-13 are able to promote DC maturation, as evaluated by up-regulation of MHC class II and costimulatory molecules, when the concentration of GM-CSF is relatively lower than the dose of IL-4 or IL-13. In addition, under these conditions both cytokines enable DC to respond to maturation stimuli...

Whereas the signaling function of the interleukin 1 (IL-1) receptor type I (IL-1R I) has been well documented, the type II "receptor" has been suggested to act as a decoy target for this cytokine. Since IL-1 may represent a key target of the immunomodulatory and antiinflammatory properties of glucocorticoids (GC), the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dexamethasone (Dex) on IL...

background: we investigated the effects of withania somnifera root (ws) on insulin resistance, tumor necrosis factor α (tnf-α), and interleukin-6 (il-6) in fructose-fed rats. methods: forty-eight wistar-albino male rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=12); group i as control, group ii as sham-treated with ws by 62.5mg/g per diet, group iii fructose-fed rats received 10%w/v fructose, a...

Background and Aims: Asthma is a complicated chronic inflammatory disease associated with pulmonary inflammation, severe immune responses of the respiratory tract, and change or destruction in the respiratory tract structure. Several factors, especially genetic and environmental factors, contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma. Interlukin (IL)-13 is considered the most important inflammatory m...