In this article, we develop a quantitative comparison method for two arbitrary protein structures. This method uses a root-mean-square deviation characterization and employs a series expansion of the protein's shape function in terms of the Wigner-D functions to define a new criterion, which is called a "similarity value." We further demonstrate that the expansion coefficients for the shape fun...

Generalizing a concept of Lipshitz, Ozsváth and Thurston from Bordered Floer homology, we define D-structures on algebras of unital operads. This construction gives rise to an equivalence of derived categories, which can be thought of as a unital version of Koszul duality using non-unital Quillen homology, even though the non-unital Quillen homology of unital objects is zero.

We have developed an automatic grid generator, called fi, for complex nonplanar three-dimensional (3-D) semiconductor device structures. The meshes generated by Q permit an exact geometry modeling of the rather general domain boundaries of modern semiconductor technologies. Avoiding obtuse angles by construction, fi is the ideal preprocessor for a 3-D device simulator. The numerical solution of...

Earthworms have a thin layer of cuticle which covers the whole body and serves as a general protective function. This cuticle has the characteristic wide angle x-ray diffraction pattern of collagen (1, 2) and has an amino acid composition characteristic of collagen (3). Much of the dry weight of this cuticle can be extracted by neutral salt or weak acid and purified as a collagen (4, 5). Earthw...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Develop a novel three-dimensional (3-D) anatomical model to assist in improving spatial knowledge of the skull base, paranasal sinuses, and adjacent structures, and validate the utilization of 3-D reconstruction to augment two-dimensional (2-D) computed tomography (CT) for the training of medical students and otolaryngology-head and neck surgery residents. STUDY DESIGN P...

Composite stiffened cylindrical shells are widely used as primary elements in aerospace structures. In the recent years, there has been a growing research interest in optimum design of composite stiffened cylindrical shell structures for stability under buckling load.  This paper focuses upon the development of an efficient optimization of ring-stringer stiffened cylindrical shell. The opti...

introdouction: the mapping of ghost images of the maxilla and the nasal cavity, which are complex structures, is very important. the position of objects that create a ghost image can differ when using various devices. the purpose of this investigation was to study the mapping of ghost images of the maxilla and the nasal cavity using a cranex d digital panoramic machine. materials and methods: t...

The 3D Optical Systems Group at MIT investigates Nanostructured Origami 3D fabrication and assembly. The idea is to assemble complex hybrid (chemical or biological reactors, optical sensing, digital electronic logic, mechanical motion) systems in 3D by using exclusively 2D lithography technology. The 3D shape is obtained by folding the initial 2D membrane in a prescribed way, in a manner remini...

The notions of coupled N -subalgebra, coupled (positive implicative) N -ideals of d-algebras are introduced, and related properties are investigated. Characterizations of a coupled N -subalgebra and a coupled (positive implicative) N -ideals of d-algebras are given. Relations among a coupled N -subalgebra, a coupled N -ideal and a coupled positive implicative N -ideal of d-algebras are discussed.

INTRODUCTION In the past years, the biologically active form of vitamin D(3), 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1α,25(OH)(2)D(3)), has received large appreciation due to the broad physiological impact of the hormone and its nuclear receptor, the transcription factor vitamin D receptor (VDR). Recently, the understanding of VDR actions has progressed greatly, due to VDR crystal structures with various...