In order to increase the beam intensity on the target it is mandatory to better understand the plasma generation, the beam extraction and the beam transport. It is well known that the plasma properties and the beam creation are modified by the microwave frequency and power. In this report we investigated how the ions beam generation in an ECR ion source is affected by the electromagnetic field ...

In this article the effects of different engineering parameters of rf-driven ion sources with an external spiral antenna and a quartz rf window are studied. This article consists of three main topics: the effect of source geometry on the operation gas pressure, the effect of source materials and magnetic confinement on extracted current density and ion species, and the effect of different anten...

This paper introduces a new Light Aspiration device for in vivo Soft TIssue Characterization (LASTIC). This device is designed to be used during surgery, and can undergo sterilization. It provides interactive-time estimation of the elastic parameters. LASTIC is a 3cm x 3cm metallic cylinder divided in two compartments. The lower compartment is a cylindrical chamber made airtight by a glass wind...

This work thoroughly analyzes a new commercial instrument for measuring Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN), the Droplet Measurement Technologies Cylindrical Continuous-Flow Streamwise Thermal Gradient CCN Chamber (CFSTGC). This instrument can measure CCN concentrations at supersaturations from 0.06% to 3% (potentially up to 6%), at a 1 Hz sampling rate that is sufficient for airborne operation. Ou...

When volatile solvents are used for paper chromatography, as in the systems described by Bush (1952) for separation of steroids, it is usually necessary to hang the paper in the tank for several hours' equilibration before the addition of the mobile phase. If equilibration is allowed to proceed overnight much of the next day will be taken up with running the chromatogram. An apparatus has there...

Implant surface characterization and biomechanical testing were made to evaluate the effect of different surface treatments along with different implant bulk configurations expressed as biomechanical fixation at early implantation times. Three implant surfaces, namely bioactive ceramic electrodeposition (ED), alumina-blasted/acid etched (AB/AE), and resorbable blasting media (RBM) were fabricat...

A three-dimensional model for magnetized electron beam generated plasma is described, which includes a coupled fluid simulation of the bulk plasma and a Monte Carlo model for beam electrons. A modified form of the classical expressions for magnetized-plasma electron transport coefficients is used in the fluid plasma model. The plasma model is calibrated and validated using Langmuir probe measur...

A production-scale ionized physical vapor deposition ~I-PVD! source has been developed to investigate the directional metalization of 200 mm diameter wafers by sputtering. The ionization of sputtered metal is accomplished by a 45 cm diameter inductively coupled plasma ~ICP!. Unlike previously reported I-PVD sources, however, the coil of the ICP is external to the plasma chamber. A plasma-immers...