The paper combines Foersters definition of 'self-organization' as production of redundancy with Ashby's approach that 'self-organizing' systems require an organizing and an organized part. Based on that it is investigated if systems usually considered as 'self-organizing' have such an organizing part producing redundancy, i.e. reducing the number of states of an organized part. It is found that...

Since the introduction of Agenda 2030 and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), companies play a central role in promoting sustainable development. Management control became essential to support SGDs’ integration into business models. This qualitative interpretative study relies on Brazilian company proactive sustainability—Natura—and analyzes its management controls for sustainability using Ma...

The aim is to start discussion about similarities and dissimilarities of Business Cybernetic and Socio-cybernetic concerning invention-innovation processes. Both of them deal with human aspects of life in a (requisitely) systemic style, although from slightly and essentially different viewpoints – business and social sciences, respectively. Both of them are relatively new sciences concerned wit...