the emergence of new general issues and their complexity, has created new areas of thought called good policymaking. in this study based on a mixed consecutive explorational research, and through the feasibility study of applications of good policy making in the executive branch and by using interviews with the cabinet ministers of 10th and 11th iranian governments, the facilitating inter-organ...

Abstract Economic development level (EDL) cannot completely explain environmental behavior and participation (EBP) patterns as many other factors affect performances, the conflict of ‘Maslow’s Hierarchy Needs model’ or ‘Affluence hypothesis’ ‘Challenge-response Model’ hypothesis has been continuously discussed. In present study, a standardized two-dimensional array (STDA) model is employed to d...

This report is part of a series of working papers published under the ILO's Action Programme on Privatization, Restructuring and Economic Democracy for use by governments, workers' organizations, employers' organizations, development agencies, consultants, academics and managers. The ILO is particularly interested in the social aspects of privatization, structural adjustment and economic transf...

Most of the studies carried out on identification of barriers to knowledge sharing have focused on developing and developed countries. The purpose of this study was to explore the barrier factors inhibiting knowledge sharing in smalland medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in transition economies that have different social, cultural, and economic conditions as compared to other developing and develo...

This article builds a micro founded model of cultural conflict. In this model intrinsically motivated cultural leaders supply and interpret culture. Leaders have an incentive to amplify disagreement about cultural values. This leads to a clash of perspectives between cultures. The population benefits from the supply of culture but suffers if leaders amplify disagreement. The article discusses c...

English is an important language in Hong Kong, an international city located on the southern coast of the People’s Republic of China that, for over 150 years to 1997, was a British colony. This paper describes and analyses changes in teaching methodologies in the English language curriculum formally proposed for Hong Kong junior secondary schools from 1975 to the present day, to study how the c...