A statistical mechanical theory is presented to predict the effects of macromolecular crowding on protein association equilibria, accounting for both excluded volume and attractive interactions between proteins and crowding molecules. Predicted binding free energies are in excellent agreement with simulation data over a wide range of crowder sizes and packing fractions. It is shown that attract...

The internal dynamics of proteins inside of cells may be affected by the crowded intracellular environments. Here, we test a novel approach to simulations of crowding, in which simulations in the absence of crowders are postprocessed to predict crowding effects, against the direct approach of simulations in the presence of crowders. The effects of crowding on the flap dynamics of HIV-1 protease...

Visual crowding, as context modulation, reduce the ability to recognize objects in clutter, sets a fundamental limit on visual perception and object recognition. It's considered that crowding does not exist in the fovea and extensive efforts explored crowding in the periphery revealed various models that consider several aspects of spatial processing. Studies showed that spatial and temporal cr...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate transversally the clinical correlation between lower incisor crowding and mandible third molar. STUDY DESIGN Three hundred healthy volunteers (134 male and 166 female), aged 20.4 (±2.4) years-old were submitted to a complete clinical examination and filled up a questionnaire about gender, age, total teeth number and presence or absence of super...

The addition of a macromolecular crowding agent to a dilute solution of polymer exerts a compressive force that tends to reduce the size of the chain. We study here the effect of changing the size ratio between the random coil and the crowding agent. The compression occurs at lower crowding agent concentration, Φ when polymer molecular weight increases. The Flory exponent ν(Φ) decreases from ν(...

In this paper, we presented a Multi-Objective Random Drift Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (MORDPSO-CD) based on RDPSO and crowding distance sorting to improve the convergence and distribution with less computation cost. MORDPSO-CD makes the most of RDPSO to approach the true Pareto optimal solutions fast. We adopt the crowding distance sorting technique to update and maintain the archive...

The infrapopulation size, or crowding, is an important measure in parasitology because of its impact on many facets of parasite biology. However, crowding values are difficult to handle statistically because of dependencies. Therefore, a bootstrap procedure was proposed in order to compare crowding between 2 groups or samples of hosts. Here, we propose Lepage's location-scale test based on inte...

We elucidate the structural transitions in a helical off-lattice homopolymer induced by crowding agents, as a function of the number of monomers (N) and volume fraction (varphi c) of crowding particles. At varphic=0, the homopolymer undergoes transitions from a random coil to a helix, helical hairpin HH, and helix bundle HB structures depending on N, and temperature. Crowding induces chain comp...

PURPOSE Dental crowding occurring in the anterior part of the mandible in the early mixed dentition has been a subject of increasing concern for child patients, their parents, and the pediatric dentist. The aim of this study was to evaluate indicators of crowding found at the primary dentition, which may lead to the future manifestation of crowding at the anterior part of the mandibular arch in...

Relationship of high population density to mental illness has been well known. The feeling of crowding has also been found to have a causal influence on individual's mental health. Recently, it has been reported that even in high population density, the individuals w ho have a high feeling of crowding are more prone to mental illness. However, no attempt has been made by Indian researchers to s...