The effects of the cross-sectional area of food samples on bite force with molar teeth were investigated using raw carrots and surimi gels. We evaluated human bite force for food samples with different sizes between the upper and lower molars using a multiple-point sheet sensor and electromyography (EMG). The bite force curve and EMG clearly showed textural characteristics of the carrot and gel...

The emerging interest in household dietary diversity against dietary quantity presents an opportunity to estimate household food security. Using household cross-sectional survey data from rural communities in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa (N=181), the paper estimated determinants of rural household dietary diversity. Regression results suggest a positive influence of participation i...

in order to determine the effect of valsalva maneuver and head rotation on the internal jugular vein (ijv) diameter and cross-sectional area and overlap with the carotid artery (ca) and find the best technique for safe cannulation of the ijv and decrease the risk of ca puncture, the diameter of both the ijv and the ca and percentage of overlap between the two vessels and cross-sectional area of...

OBJECTIVE Develop a gender specific database of trunk muscle cross-sectional areas across multiple levels of the thoracic and lumbar spine and develop prediction equations for the physiological cross-sectional area as a function of gender and anthropometry. DESIGN This study quantified trunk muscle cross-sectional areas of male and female spine loading muscles. BACKGROUND There is a lack of...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To develop a growth model of the minimum cross-sectional area of the normal pediatric trachea with measurements from magnetic resonance images (MRIs) to supplement the clinical criteria used to determine if a child with tracheal stenosis needs surgery. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective imaging review. METHODS A total of 81 patients were imaged for a variety of clinical reason...