The rapid growth of wireless applications has increases the importance for efficient utilization of the scarce spectrum resources. Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) is an emerging technology which leads to solve these problems through dynamic utilization of the unused licensed spectrum. Spectrum sensing is a key function of cognitive radio to find the spectrum holes and Collaborative or cooperative...

Inspired by Anderson et al. [J. R. Soc. Interface, 2014] we study the long-term behavior of discrete chemical reaction networks (CRNs). In particular, using techniques from both Petri net theory and CRN theory, we provide a powerful sufficient condition for a structurallybounded CRN to have the property that none of the non-terminal reactions can fire for all its recurrent configurations. We co...

Hard coatings such as titanium nitride (TiN) and chromium nitride (CrN) are widely used in cutting and forming tools against wear and corrosion. In the present study, hard coating films were deposited onto AISI 1070 steels by a cathodic arc evaporation plating (CAVP) technique. These samples were subjected to wear in a conventional lathe for investigating the tribological behaviour of coating s...

Medium access control (MAC) protocols in a cognitive radio network (CRN) are required to increase spectral efficiency and achieve high data rate for secondary users (SUs). Many MAC protocols use a single control channel with a bottleneck problem. In this paper, we propose a multichannel MAC protocol using dicontiguous orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (D-OFDM) in a CRN. Since D-OFDM te...

Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) are being studied intensively. The major motivation for this is the heavily underutilized frequency spectrum. CRN has the capability to utilize the unutilized frequency spectrum. Routing in CRN is a challenging task due the diversity in the available channels and data rates. In this paper, we present a survey of the state-of-the-art routing techniques in CRNs. We...

We use first-principles calculations to study the effect of magnetic disorder and electron correlations on the structural and thermodynamic properties of CrN. We illustrate the usability of a special quasirandom structure supercell treatment of the magnetic disorder by comparing with coherent potential approximation calculations and with a complementary magnetic sampling method. The need of a t...

Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) are susceptible to mathematical modelling. The dynamic behavior of CRNs can be investigated by solving the polynomial equations derived from its structure. However, simple CRN give rise to non-linear polynomials that are difficult to resolve. Here we propose a procedure to locate the steady states of CRNs from a formula derived through algebraic geometry method...

We report an extensive photoelectron-spectroscopy study of size-selected Crn 2 ~n52–70! clusters. Evenodd alternations are observed for the small Crn clusters and their electron affinities. The spectra of clusters with an even number of atoms show less density of states near the threshold, while those with odd clusters show more complex features. A dimer growth path found in a previous theoreti...