Recent research in criminology has indicated that the media may influence people’s attitudes toward criminal justice policy. This paper examined attitudes toward gun control among a student population using both ideological (attribution styles) and instrumental perspectives (fear of crime), and then tested whether viewing the film Bowling for Columbine influenced those attitudes. The study empl...

Psychiatric comorbidity has emerged as a key element distinguishing DUI offenders from others, and, in some cases, distinguishing repeat offenders from first-time offenders. This paper utilizes a prospective design to determine whether the comorbid disorders identified among repeat DUI offenders can predict recidivism. Seven hundred forty-three repeat DUI offenders were recruited from a two-wee...

The law regulates addiction in two primary ways: by limiting access to controlled substances and by criminal and civil law doctrines pertaining to addicts. This chapter first addresses the basic definitional and conceptual issues concerning addiction. Then it turns to the justification of substance regulation in the USA and public policy issues. It suggests that the right to use substances recr...

Recent research in criminology has indicated that the media may influence people’s attitudes toward criminal justice policy. This paper examined attitudes toward gun control among a student population using both ideological (attribution styles) and instrumental perspectives (fear of crime), and then tested whether viewing the film Bowling for Columbine influenced those attitudes. The study empl...

Criminologists and correctional practitioners worry that prisons encourage criminal behavior among inmates, i.e., that prisons are criminogenic. The current study analyzed a subset of the experimental data collected by Berk, Ladd, Graziano, and Baek (2003) to test a new inmate classification system in California and demonstrated that this effect does not necessarily exist. There were 561 male i...

To what extent is criminal behavior in adolescence attributable to risk appraisal? Using two large cross-sectional samples (N = 929, age range: 10-30 years; and N = 1,357, age range: 12-24 years), we examine whether (a) reward bias in risk appraisal is more prominent in adolescence and (b) the association between risk appraisal and criminal behavior is stronger during adolescence than at other ...

OBJECTIVE To examine how pre-traumatic brain injury (TBI) variables and TBI-related characteristics predict post-TBI criminal arrest, using longitudinal data from the Traumatic Brain Injury Model System National Database. SETTINGS Medical hospitals; rehabilitation facilities. PARTICIPANTS Participants with documented TBI and nonmissing Traumatic Brain Injury Model System data, resulting in ...

This paper describes an agent-based approach for constructing a model of criminal justice system operations in England and Wales. The primary purpose of the model is to assess the impact of policy variants across the entire criminal justice system. Because of the structure of this system, three separate government departments interact and deliver services. Decisions in one area of the criminal ...