During cyclic actuation, conducting polymer based artificial muscles are often creeping from the initial movement range. One of the likely reasons of such behaviour is unbalanced charging during conducting polymer oxidation and reduction. To improve the actuation reversibility and subsequently the long time performance of ionic actuators, we suggest using spray-coated carbon nanotube (CNT) carp...

The electrification of sand particles plays an important role in aeolian events. In this paper, the charge-to-mass ratio vertical profiles of saltating particles in wind-blown sand were measured by a field experiments. By combining the results of field measurements with our previous wind-tunnel measurements, we discussed the factors affecting the charge-to-mass ratio of saltating particles. It ...

negatively affected by disturbance. meadow barley (Hordeum brachyantherum Nevski) (Hickman 1993). Purple needlegrass, blue wildrye, bluegrass and California melic are droughttolerant species that typically occupy well-drained upland sites. In contrast, creeping wildrye and meadow barley are less drought-tolerant and typically grow in the moist soils of seeps, streams and wetland margins (Walker...

^ c. r>ri find described Dalgetty (1901) defined ' Bentley ' water-itch' in tea-garden ^ ^ subject (1902) wrote a valuable PaP?^, Qn acc0unt of which it is proposed to abstr ^ appears its historical interest ana bee . WOrkers to have been overlooked by nios^ during recent years. _ weU The condition of ' water-itch or ^lCjiaT) and Sylhet, recognized in tea gardens in Assam, sugar plantaand a sim...

Hong Kong is a densely populated city suffering badly from the urban heat island effect. Green wall offers a means of ameliorating the situation but there are doubts over its suitability in Hong Kong’s unique environment. In this paper, we look at the potential for green walls in Hong Kong first by summarizing some of the Chinese green walling systems and associated vegetation in use, then by a...

In one of the few studies of its kind, Cornell researchers Eric Nelson and Cheryl Craft (Dept. Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences) report the successful suppression of dollar spot in both preventative and curative applications by a biological control agent, the bacteria Enterobacter cloacae, in field experiments on putting greens in New York. While laboratory and greenhou...

In a rotating tumbler that is more than one-half filled with a granular material, a core of material forms that should ideally rotate with the tumbler. However, the core rotates slightly faster than the tumbler (precession) and decreases in size (erosion). The precession and erosion of the core provide a measure of the creeping granular motion that occurs beneath a continuously flowing flat sur...

The introduction of antimicrobial drugs in medicine gave hope for a future in which all infectious diseases could be controlled. Decades later it appears certain this will not be the case, because antibiotic resistance is growing relentlessly. Bacteria possess an extraordinary ability to adapt to environmental challenges like antimicrobials by both genetic and phenotypic means, which contribute...

conclusions the results showed that the early relationship within the family environment supports a certain attachment style and the effects of the avoidant insecure and ambivalent insecure styles affect the interpersonal relations of the couples in adulthood. the effect of attachment styles on interpersonal relations is far greater than that of lifestyle. results the results indicate that atta...

background: according to the attachment theory, anxiety disorders due to the child and based on attachment disorders are defined. this study examined the relationship between mother's attachment style and school anxieties of mentally retarded male students.   methods: all mentally retarded male students of secondary schools during academic year of 2008-2009 in shiraz were studied (127 students)...