The failure pressure of pipe with wall-thinning was investigated by using three-dimensional elastic-plastic finite element analyses (FEA). With careful modeling of the pipe and flaw geometry in addition to a proper stress-strain relation of the material, FEA could estimate the precise burst pressure obtained by the tests. FEA was conducted by assuming three kinds of materials: line pipe steel, ...

A probabilistic methodology has been developed for fracture-mechanics analysis of nonlinear cracked structures. The methodology involves nonlinear ®nite element analysis using well-known commercial codes; statistical models for uncertainty in material constitutive law, fracture toughness, and loads; and standard reliability methods for evaluating probabilistic characteristics of elastic±plastic...

Expression of pipe in the somatic tissue of the Drosophila ovary is required for the formation of embryonic dorsal-ventral polarity. pipe, which encodes an enzyme similar to the glycosaminoglycan-modifying enzyme heparan sulfate 2-O-sulfotransferase, is expressed in a spatially restricted domain of follicle cells on the ventral side of the egg chamber. Mutations that affect follicular polarity ...

Abstarct: Flow through pipes and heating situations find wide applications in industry. Depending on the fluid properties, temperature field in the pipe changes. This in turn results in thermodynamic irreversibility in the flow system. Thermodynamic irreversibility can be quantified through amount of entropy generation in the thermal system. Consequently, in the present study, the influence of ...

This paper presents an eddy-current-based technique for imaging the solidification of molten metal inside a metal pipe. This technique is motivated by the fact that the ac (alternating current) impedance seen from a solenoid placed outside the pipe is dependent on the distribution of the solidification inside the pipe provided that the ac frequency is properly chosen and the overall thickness o...

In this work, a two-dimensional analysis is used to study the thermal performance of a cylindrical heat pipe utilizing nanofluids. Three of the most common nanoparticles, namely Al2O3, CuO, and TiO2 are considered as the working fluid. A substantial change in the heat pipe thermal resistance, temperature distribution, and maximum capillary heat transfer of the heat pipe is observed when using a...

A full scale snow melting system with heat pipe technology is built in this work, which avoids the negative effects on concrete structure and environment caused by traditional deicing chemicals. The snow melting, ice-freezing performance and temperature distribution characteristics of heat pipe concrete runway were discussed by the outdoor experiments. The results show that the temperature of t...

We propose a system that reduces laser display speckles by vibrating the light pipe. A small displacement of the light pipe appears to allow the total reflection of the laser, thereby resulting in a homogenized speckle field that changes with time. In this case, the speckle interference generated by the pattern projected by the laser through the light pipe destroys the spatial homogenization of...

A highly-integrated experimental system for plasma decomposition of fuels was built. Experiments were conducted and confirmed that macromolecular chain hydrocarbons were cracked by large-gap dielectric barrier discharge under the excitation of a microsecond-pulse power supply. Alkanes and olefins with a C atom number smaller than 10 as well as hydrogen were found in the cracked products of n-de...

In this work, closed-form expressions for the buckling loads of a weakened column with different boundary conditions are presented. The cracked-column model is based on the well-known method consisting of dividing the column into two segments connected by a rotational linear spring whose flexibility is related to the crack size and the geometry of the cross section. For the formulation of close...