In this study, the problem of finding the limiting load in infinite plates with internal cracks is extended to the non-linear field. In particular, results concerning concrete plates in bi-axial loading are shown. The analysis is performed in discrete form, by means of the Cell Method. The discrete analysis allows us to identify the crack initiation without using the stress intensity factors. T...

Introduction: Ferrocement is a low-cost material that can be utilized as replacement for expensive fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP), which generally used retrofitting structural and non-structural reinforced concrete members. The objective of this paper to investigate the effectiveness wire mesh in flexural members such beams. It also investigated capacity beams, are with partial or complete regu...

An observed minimum in the critical crack initiation load at Poisson’s ratio (ν) of 0.21–0.22 in Na2O–TiO2–SiO2 glasses was investigated. Vickers indentation was used to examine hardness and average cracking length, fracture toughness was measured through the single-edge pre-cracked beam method, and volumes of densification and shear flow around indents were measured using atomic force microsco...

In this paper, several transversely cracked RC beams, self-anchored in a three-point bending mode, were prepared and subjected to NaCl solution drying–wetting cycles. Based on two experimental results obtained after 15 and 30 cycles, respectively, the profiles of free chloride concentration at different sections of sound and cracked concretes were presented and analyzed. The depth of surface co...

PURPOSE To provide an overview of the clinical features, diagnosis, classification and management of cracked teeth which may be a diagnostic challenge in clinical practice. RESULTS Cracks may initiate from coronal tooth structure or from within the root and affect healthy or root treated teeth. There are many terminologies and classifications in the literature for cracked teeth that can be as...

This paper deals with the application of Cohesive Zone Model (CZM) concepts to study mode I fracture in adhesive bonded joints. In particular, an intrinsic piece-wise linear cohesive surface relation is used in order to model fracture in a pre-cracked bonded Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) specimen. Finite element implementation of the CZM is accomplished by means of the user element (UEL) feature...

The reconstructions of the InP~001! surface prepared by molecular beam epitaxy have been studied with in situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction ~RHEED! and scanning tunneling microscopy ~STM!. The growth chamber contains a highly accurate temperature measurement system and uses a solid-source, cracked phosphorus, valved effusion cell. Five InP~001! reconstructions are observed with RH...

BACKGROUND To assess the prevalence and factors associated with the occurrence of cracked nipples in the first month postpartum. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study nested in a cohort of mothers living in Feira de Santana, state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. Data from 1,243 mother-child dyads assessed both at the maternity ward and 30 days after delivery were analyzed. The association b...

Background: A cracked tooth may be challenging for dentists because it may present with varied intensities, may be asymptomatic, and may still not be clinically visible. The transilumination method can facilitate diagnosis and ensure appropriate treatment in such cases. The aim of the present article was to report a clinical case of an anterior cracked tooth with a nonesthetic class IV restorat...

Based on the reference stress approach, two sets of the crack opening displacement (COD) estimation equations are proposed for a complex cracked pipe. One set of equations can be used for the case when full stressstrain data are known, and the other for the case when only yield and tensile strengths are available. To define the reference stress, a simple plastic limit analysis for the complex c...