Ibuprofen and mefenamic acid are weak, competitive inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) oxygenation of arachidonic acid (AA) but potent, noncompetitive inhibitors of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) oxygenation. The slow, tight-binding inhibitor, indomethacin, is a potent inhibitor of 2-AG and AA oxygenation whereas the rapidly reversible inhibitor, 2'-des-methylindomethacin, is a potent inhibit...

OBJECTIVE Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is induced by hypoxic stimuli and is also involved in the process of angiogenesis. We previously demonstrated that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the principal factors produced by hypoxic myocytes and is responsible for the induction of COX-2 expression in endothelial cells. Yet the signaling pathways by which VEGF modulates COX-2 gene exp...

We previously reported that epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced esophageal cancer cell proliferation required transactivation of β-adrenoceptor. In the present study, we further investigated whether β2-adrenoceptor was involved in the modulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and cell proliferation by EGF in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Human ESCC cell line KYSE-30 was t...

Ocular infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) results in a blinding immunoinflammatory stromal keratitis (SK) lesion. Early preclinical events include polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) infiltration and neovascularization in the corneal stroma. We demonstrate here that HSV infection of the cornea results in the upregulation of the cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) enzyme. Early after infection, COX-2...

Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) is the drug most commonly selfadministered to reduce inflammation, swelling, and pain. The established mechanism of action of aspirin is inhibition of the enzyme cyclo-oxygenase (COX). Once taken, aspirin is rapidly deacetylated to form salicylic acid, which may account, at least in part, for the therapeutic actions of aspirin. However, where tested, salicylic aci...

OBJECTIVES The present study examined the cross-talk between prostanoids and nitric oxide (NO) in human gastric biopsies during Helicobacter pylori infection. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A pool of 1 or 2 biopsies per patient (11 H. pylori positive and 9 H. pylori negative) were incubated in the medium with/without drugs, 1400W and NS-398, inhibitors of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cycl...

Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) is the drug most commonly selfadministered to reduce inflammation, swelling, and pain. The established mechanism of action of aspirin is inhibition of the enzyme cyclo-oxygenase (COX). Once taken, aspirin is rapidly deacetylated to form salicylic acid, which may account, at least in part, for the therapeutic actions of aspirin. However, where tested, salicylic aci...

BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a high-grade primary brain tumor that is refractory to current forms of treatment. In cell studies, the growth rate of GBM cells correlates with the level of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme expression. COX-2 has been implicated in carcinogenesis of systemic cancers. Recently, COX-2 inhibition has been shown to increase the radiosensitivity of various ...