In this work frequency measurements on fast lithium ions as a test of time dilation are presented. The measurements are carried out at the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg using the storage ring TSR. The transition frequency of a two-level system in the lithium ion is measured using a Doppler-free fluorescence saturation spectroscopy. The spectroscopy is realized by two co...

Solid-state nanofluidic devices have proven to be ideal systems to elucidate the physics of nanoscale ion transport. When the device confinement approaches the Debye length of ions in the fluid, new phenomena occur such as surface-charge-dominated transport and ion-selectivity. Although these effects have been understood for simple monovalent systems, application-critical divalent systems have ...

often an important process in industry and chemical analysis. Liquid-membrane transport in which the extraction and stripping operations are combined in a single process reduces the solvent inventory requirement, and also allows the use of expensive and highly selective extractions, which otherwise would be uneconomic in solvent extractants. For these reasons, liquid-membrane transport has attr...

The title compound, (H(3)O)[Pd(C(2)H(7)NO(6)P(2))(C(2)H(8)NO(6)P(2))]·3H(2)O, was synthesized by the reaction of [Pd(H(2)O)(4)](NO(3))(2) with 1-amino-ethane-1,1-diyldiphospho-nic acid in aqueous solution. The asymmetric unit contains one mol-ecule of the complex existing as an anion, an oxonium counter-ion and three solvent water mol-ecules. The Pd(II) ion occupies a position on a pseudo-twofo...

Electrodialysis, reverse electrodialysis, and related electrochemical processes are increasingly important technologies for water purification renewable energy generation storage. The electrical efficiency of these is directly to the permselectivity ion exchange membranes (IEMs) – defined as extent which membrane permits passage counter-ions (ions opposite charge membrane, e.g., cations a catio...

Using a wall-less tissue-equivalent proportional counter for a 0.72-μm site in tissue, we measured the radial dependence of the lineal energy distribution, yf(y), of 290-MeV/u carbon ions and 500-MeV/u iron ion beams. The measured yf(y) distributions and the dose-mean of y, [Formula: see text], were compared with calculations performed with the track structure simulation code TRACION and the mi...

In this thesis, the effect of the lower hybrid current drive on ion toroidal rotation in a tokamak is investigated theoretically. Lower hybrid frequency waves are utilized to drive non-inductive current for steady state tokamaks and ion toroidal rotation is used to control disruptions and improve confinement. It has been observed in many tokamaks that lower hybrid waves can change the ion toroi...