Techniques that compare short text segments using dependency paths (or simply, paths) appear in a wide range of automated language processing applications including question answering (QA). However, few models in ad hoc information retrieval (IR) use paths for document ranking due to the prohibitive cost of parsing a retrieval collection. In this paper, we introduce a flexible notion of paths t...

A major benefit of tree-to-tree over treeto-string translation is that we can use target-side syntax to improve reordering. While this is relatively simple for binarized constituency parses, the reordering problem is considerably harder for dependency parses, in which words can have arbitrarily many children. Previous approaches have tackled this problem by restricting grammar rules, reducing t...

Management of legacy software and its code, generally written in procedural languages, is often costly and time-consuming. To help this management, a migration from procedural to object oriented paradigm could be a cost effective option. One approach for such migration can be based on the underlying dependency structure of the procedural source code. In this work, we propose a new heuristic alg...

Statistical modeling methods have become critical for many image processing problems, such as segmentation, compression and classification. In this paper we are proposing and experimenting a computationally efficient simplification of 3-Dimensional Hidden Markov Models. Our proposed model relaxes the dependencies between neighboring state nodes to a random uni-directional dependency by introduc...

The construct of path dependence has been introduced to challenge neoclassical economics (David, 1985). By referring to the history of economic processes Paul David explained, that unintended consequences of action can lead to a lock-in which is potentially inefficient. The cause behind these processes leading to inefficiency Paul David named the mechanism of increasing returns. As examples tec...

With the appearance of low-cost, highly parallel hardware architectures, software portability between such architectures is in great demand. Software design lacks programming models to keep up with the continually increasing parallelism of today’s hardware. This setting calls for alternative thinking in programming. When a computation has a static data-dependency pattern, extracting this patter...

Software developers and project managers often have to assess the quality of software design. A commonly adopted hypothesis is that a good design should cost less to maintain than a poor design. In this paper, we propose a model for quantifying the quality of a design from a maintainability perspective. Based on this model, we propose a novel strategy for predicting the “Return on Investment” (...

This study develops a low-cost very-large-scale-integration (VLSI) hardware architecture for entropy coding with increased throughput using the statistical properties of context-based adaptive variable-length coding (CAVLC) in AVC/H.264. Statistical analyses show that better symbol length prediction was achieved by breaking the recursive dependency among codewords for the multi-symbol decoder i...

Stroke patients often suffer from hemiparesis, which affects their balance condition and consequently their self-dependency and quality of life. Balance rehabilitation can be a long and tedious process. Virtual rehabilitation systems have been reported to provide therapeutic benefits to the balance recovery of stroke patients while increasing their motivation. This paper presents a follow-up st...

This paper evaluates two methods of learning constraint dependency grammars from corpora: one uses the sentences directly and the other uses subgrammar expanded sentences. Learning curves and test set parsing results show that grammars generated directly from sentences have a low degree of parse ambiguity but at a cost of a slow learning rate and less grammar generality. Augmenting these senten...