New types of characterization of Pareto efficiency based on data envelopment analysis are extended here in several new directions involving allocative efficiency and stochastic filtering methods.

The Telecommunications Act of 1996 invites entry in the local telecommunications networks whereby entrants will lease parts of the network (“unbundled network elements”) from incumbents “at cost plus reasonable profit.” A crucial question in the implementation of the Act is the appropriate measure of cost. This paper examines the economic principles on which the cost calculation should be based...

The first article1 in this two-part series on the economic evaluation of health care interventions examined the key concepts of economic evaluation in health care, and the methodological issues pertaining to identification, measurement and evaluation of costs and benefits. The aim of this article is to examine how the costs and benefits previously identified can be brought together within the f...

Interval estimation for the proportion parameter in one-sample misclassied binary data has caught much interest literature. Re- cently, an approximate Bayesian approach been proposed. This ap- proach is simpler to implement and performs better than existing frequen- tist approaches. However, because a normal approximation marginal posterior density was used this approach, some eciency may be lo...

Regarding the increase in needs of human societies to agricultural products, increasing water use efficiency can lead to persistent use of limited water resources. Therefore, in this study using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), technical, allocative, managerial and economic efficiency and also Optimal level of inputs is surveyed in order to achieve maximum Efficiency in Marvdasht city in 20...

Recently, there has been increased attention on finding solutions for double-sided markets with strategic buying and selling agents. We present and evaluate the first dynamic double-sided combinatorial market, named DYCOM, that allows truthful and individually-rational behavior for both buying and selling agents, keeps the market budget balanced and approximates social welfare efficiency. We ex...

This paper analyzes equilibria in sequential take-it-or-leave-it sales when demand is stochastic. It is shown that equilibria in this sales mechanism, unlike in sequential auctions, trade-off allocative efficiency and competing buyers’ opportunities to acquire an item to be sold, permitting prices and expected revenue above those of one-shot offers. Hence Coase-type conjectures are invalid in t...

INTRODUCTION Health systems in developing countries including Ghana are faced with critical resource constraints in pursuing the goal of improving the health status of the population. The constrained ability to adequately meet health care needs is exacerbated by inefficiency in the health care systems, especially within public health centres. METHODS The study used Data Envelopment Analysis (...

We introduce reward money into the provision point mechanism with refunds. Reward money is distributed among the contributors in proportion to their contributions only when the provision point is not reached. In environments without aggregate uncertainty, the provision point is always reached in equilibrium as competition for reward money and preference for the public good induce sufficient con...

This article explores office market system dynamics through a simple simulation model. Model lag and adjustment parameters similar to real office markets generate explosive cycles. Simulations show that deviations from equilibrium can be reduced by changing the information structure of the system. System dynamics, principle /agent conflicts, a prisoners’ dilemma game, faulty information (poor f...