bandwidth labelling is a well known research area in graph theory. we provide a new proof that the bandwidth of mobius ladder is 4, if it is not a $k_{4}$, and investigate the bandwidth of a wider class of mobius graphs of even strips.

‎‎let r be a non-commutative ring with unity‎. ‎the commuting graph‎ ‎of $r$ denoted by $gamma(r)$‎, ‎is a graph with a vertex set‎ ‎$rsetminus z(r)$ and two vertices $a$ and $b$ are adjacent if and only if‎ ‎$ab=ba$‎. ‎in this paper‎, ‎we investigate non-commutative rings with unity of order $p^n$ where $p$ is prime and $n in lbrace 4,5 rbrace$‎. it is shown that‎, ‎$gamma(r)$ is the disjoint ...

Here, we find the characteristics polynomial of normalized Laplacian of a tree. The coefficients of this polynomial are expressed by the higher order general Randić indices for matching, whose values depend on the structure of the tree. We also find the expression of these indices for starlike tree and a double-starlike tree, Hm(p, q). Moreover, we show that two cospectral Hm(p, q) of the same ...

The conventional binary operations of cartesian product, conjunction, and composition of two digraphs D, and D2 are observed to give the sum, the product, md a more complicated combination of the spectra of D1 and Dz as the resulting spectrum. These formulas for analyzing the spectrum of a digraph are utilized to construct for any positive integer PI, a collection of n nonisomorphic strung regu...

two digraphs of same order are said to be skew-equienergetic if theirskew energies are equal. one of the open problems proposed by li andlian was to construct non-cospectral skew-equienergetic digraphs onn vertices. recently this problem was solved by ramane et al. inthis paper, we give some new methods to construct new skew-equienergeticdigraphs.

Abstract. A correction model for eddy correlation flux measurements is developed and applied to nitrogen dioxide flux measurements obtained from a SOLENT sonic anemometer and a Scintrex Luminox LMA-3 analyser for NO2. Four field campaigns were carried out near the village of Merenschwand in Central Switzerland from which two were selected for further analysis in this paper. The need for the cor...