3 Silverman ME, Flamm MD: Variant angina pectoris-Anatomic &ding and pmgno8tic implications. Ann Intern Med 75:339,1971 4 Prinzmetal M, K m e r R, Merliss R, et al: Angina pedwis I. Variant form of angina pectoris. Am J Med 27:375, 1959 5 Hart NJ, Silverman ME, King SB: Variant angina pedwis caused by coronary artery spasm. Am J Med 356:e69, 1974 6 Oliva PB, Potts DE, Pluss RC: Coronary arteria...

long-term prognosis of vasospastic angina patients who survived out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: multicenter registry study of the Japanese Coronary Spasm Association. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2011;4:295–302. 137. Takagi Y, Yasuda S, Takahashi J, Tsunoda R, Ogata Y, Seki A, Sumiyoshi T, Matsui M, Goto T, Tanabe Y, Sueda S, Sato T, Ogawa S, Kubo N, Momomura S, Ogawa H, Shimokawa H. Japanese C...

The coronary artery diseases (CAD) that can lead to the occurrence of a syncopal attack include acute coronary syndrome, vasospastic angina, effort angina, and prior myocardial infarction. The possible mechanisms considered to lead to syncope in patients with CAD are pump failure, tachyarrhythmia, bradycardia, and vagal stimulation. Coronary artery spasm, in particular, is occasionally observed...

It is now generally accepted that an episodic increase of the vasomotor tone of epicardial coronary arteries not only is the cause of variant angina but also may represent a pathogenetic component in other, more common, anginal syndromes.1,2 The terms "spasm" and "coronary constriction" are often used interchangeably when referring to increases in coronary vasomotor tone. This generalization ma...