Over the course of the last few years there has been a significant amount of research performed on ontology-based formalization of phenotype descriptions. The intrinsic value and knowledge captured within such descriptions can only be expressed by taking advantage of their inner structure that implicitly combines qualities and anatomical entities. We present a meta-model (the Phenotype Fragment...

e47 Circulation. 2017;135:e47. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.026534 February 14, 2017 In Response: I very much appreciate the comments of Dr Messerli and colleagues on our report1 on blood pressure measurement in SPRINT (Sytolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial) and fully concur. If one looks at the manual of operations for SPRINT, there is no specification about whether measurements should ...

This paper uses a noisy rational expectations model to derive predictions about the dynamic behaviour of the proportion of institutional money managers in a given country who are bullish about the equity market in different countries. The predictions are tested using monthly data for four countries for the period October 1995 to October 2000. The empirical findings are consistent with the hypot...

2 1. If shared variance (r²) is reported, correlation (r) is obtained by calculating the square root of shared variance. 2. If covariance (cov(x, y)) is reported, the correlation (r) is obtained by applying the formula r x y x y = cov(,) σ σ where σ is the standard deviation. 2 Procedure 5 and the second part of procedure 6 are described in Wolf (1986).

This paper presents a strategic model of common value elections with endogenous information acquisition. It proves that majoritarian elections can fail to aggregate information when voters have heterogeneous skills. Informational inefficiencies can be partially corrected by improving the skills of the electors as the population increases, or by limiting participation to the most competent citiz...

We performed a detailed investigation of the kinetics of ketoconazole activity in the setting of broth dilution testing of Candida albicans susceptibility. Turbidimetric readings reflected parallel quantitative colony counts. The method of endpoint determination markedly affected the results. Determinations of 50% inhibitory concentrations clearly separated the ketoconazole-resistant strains fr...

Selective genotyping can increase power in quantitative trait association. One example of selective genotyping is two-tail extreme selection, but simple linear regression analysis gives a biased genetic effect estimate. Here, we present a simple correction for the bias.

For nearly a century, twin and adoption studies have yielded substantial estimates of heritability for cognitive abilities, although it has proved difficult for genomewide-association studies to identify the genetic variants that account for this heritability (i.e., the missing-heritability problem). However, a new approach, genomewide complex-trait analysis (GCTA), forgoes the identification o...

The use of DNA microarrays has revolutionized the manner in which mRNA populations are analyzed. One limitation of the current technology is that mRNAs are often purified on the basis of their 3' poly(A) ends, which can be extremely short or absent in some mRNAs. To circumvent this limitation, we have developed a procedure for the purification of eukaryotic mRNAs using a mutant version of the m...