Superconformal electrodeposition is explained based on a local growth velocity that increases with coverage of a catalytic species adsorbed on the copper-electrolyte interface. For dilute concentration of the catalyst precursor in the electrolyte, local coverage in fine features changes more due to interface area change than by accumulation from the electrolyte, yielding superconformal growth. ...

There is increasing recognition that inflammatory liver disease in dogs is associated with abnormal hepatic copper (Cu) concentrations. Abnormal hepatic Cu accumulation results as either a primary metabolic defect in Cu metabolism unique to some breeds or as a secondary event associated with chronic hepatic cholestasis resulting in a decrease in biliary excretion of hepatic Cu. Abnormal hepatic...

There is a controversial debate about the mechanism of the Cu(0)-catalyzed radical polymerization. Herein, a comparative analysis of a series of reactions catalyzed by different valent copper shows that the induction period and the subsequent autoaccelerated polymerization of a Cu(0)/Me6TREN-catalyzed system originate from the accumulation of soluble copper species, and Cu(I) is still a powerfu...

Copper is a transition metal that has been linked to pathological and beneficial effects in neurodegenerative diseases. In Parkinson's disease, free copper is related to increased oxidative stress, alpha-synuclein oligomerization, and Lewy body formation. Decreased copper along with increased iron has been found in substantia nigra and caudate nucleus of Parkinson's disease patients. Copper inf...

Copper is an essential metal nutrient that is tightly regulated in the body because loss of its homeostasis is connected to severe diseases such as Menkes and Wilson diseases, Alzheimer's disease, prion disorders, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The complex relationships between copper status and various stages of health and disease remain challenging to elucidate, in part due to a lack of m...

Mass balances of total arsenic and copper for a suburban lake in densely populated northern Virginia were calculated using date collected during 1998. Mass-balance terms were precipitation; stream inflow, including road runoff; stream outflow; and contributions from leaching of pressure-treated lumber. More mass of arsenic and copper was input to the lake than was output the 1998 lake-retention...

Copper is known to be a critical factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, as it is involved in amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide related toxicity. However, the relationship between neurotoxicity and Aβ peptide in the presence of copper remains unclear. The effect of copper has not been clearly differentiated between Aβ42 and Aβ40, and it is still debated whether copper-mediated neurotoxicity is du...

Pathogenesis of liver injury in chronic copper poisoning of sheep was investigated using two experiments. Test sheep were dosed orally with a 0.2 % solution of CuSO4.5H2O at the rate of 10 ml/Kg body weight on five days of the week, until first day of the haemolytic crisis (HC). Liver samples were taken during the prehaemolytic period and on the first or second day of the HC, liver changes were...

Because copper ions are both essential cofactors and cytotoxic agents, the net accumulation of this element in a cell must be carefully balanced. Depending upon the cellular copper status, copper ions must either be imported or ejected. CopA, the principal copper efflux ATPase in Escherichia coli, is induced by elevated copper in the medium, but the copper-sensing regulatory factor is unknown. ...

BACKGROUND Genetic and environmental factors, including dietary copper intake, contribute to the pathogenesis of copper-associated hepatitis in Labrador retrievers. Clinical disease is preceded by a subclinical phase in which copper accumulates in the liver. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of a low-copper, high-zinc diet on hepatic copper concentration in Labrador retrievers with increase...