1. Logical language 1.1. Proposition, sentence and inscription Quine has argued in favor of the rejection of propositions. His argument can be summarized by the following syllogism: No entity without identity There is no criterion of identity for propositions No propositions Quine has been quite influential in the replacement of the expression propositional logic by the expression sentential lo...

One approach to deliberation about the choice of what to do in a particular situation is to use an argument scheme based on the practical syllogism to supply a presumptive reason for the action, which is then subjected to a process of critical questioning to see if the presumption can be maintained. In this paper we describe an implemented realisation of this approach. We describe a representat...

The article advocates a new approach to the Qur’an: To look at text as transcript of earliest community’s intervention into major debates its time. Rather than earlier textual traditions (“reception history”), particular burning theological questions that were en vogue in epistemic space Late Antiquity are identified essential trigger Qur’anic proclamations. Thus, new—Late Antique—perception ev...

Research in learning from demonstrations has focused primarily on the question of how to utilize demonstrations to learn new behavior assuming that the demonstrator (teacher) explicitly teaches the learner. In this paper, we focus our attention on learning from unplanned demonstrations. In such cases, the learner has to take the initiative and decide for itself what actions of the –assumed unaw...

one of the main problems in wind energy conversion system (wecs) is how to achieve maxim­u­m output power in different wind speeds. maximum methods for maximum power point tracking in wind energy conversion syst­e­ms require the knowledge of system characteristics and mechanic sensors. so, using these methods practically will follow with high price and an abundant difficulties. in this paper, n...

agricultural land conversion (alc) has been introduced as one of the most important factorsaffecting ecosystem. this type of conversion has led to several challenges in agricultural development andhuman life. monitoring alc plays a crucial role when dealing with such challenges. the main objective of thisstudywas to monitor the trend ofalc in theqazvin province located in northwest iran from 19...

The current study investigates the persuasive strategies and techniques used by King Abdullah II in his two speeches regarding covid 19 pandemic. It also aims to critically analyze these using critical discourse analysis. Moreover, it explore most least frequently employed speeches. data consists of delivered virtually at world economic forum. first speech is on 21st September 2020 second 28 Ja...

In order to provide a consistent explanation for Aristotelian modal syllogistic, this paper reveals the reductions between syllogism ◇I□A◇I-3 and other valid syllogisms. Specifically, on basis of formalizing syllogisms, proves validity by means truth value definition (modal) categorical propositions. Then in line with classical propositional logic logic, generalized quantifier theory set theory...

hysteria is one of the conversion disorders that can be presented similar to neurological and organic disorders. conversion symptoms are usually associated with emotional conflicts of the patient. belching is often reported in patients with gastroesophageal reflux and is a rare manifestation of hysteria. the authors would describe a young female patient with serial belching that, after several ...