The report gives a defining description of the programming language Scheme. Scheme is a statically scoped and properly tail-recursive dialect of the Lisp programming language invented by Guy Lewis Steele Jr. and Gerald Jay Sussman. It was designed to have an exceptionally clear and simple semantics and few different ways to form expressions. A wide variety of programming paradigms, including fu...

Computational Grids (Shupeng Wang & Yu, 2006) are emerging as next generation of parallel and distributed computing platforms for solving large-scale computational and data-intensive problems in science, engineering, and commerce. They enable the sharing, selection, and aggregation of a wide variety of geographically distributed resources including supercomputers, storage systems, databases, da...

A procedure for the cyclization of dipeptidoyl benzotriazolides containing proline derivatives promoted by triethylamine under MW activation is introduced. The reaction is general for a variety of dipeptidoyl benzotriazolides and represents a very practical and convenient method for the preparation of Pro- or Hyp-derived 2,5-diketopiperazines (2,5-DKPs) and bis-DKPs with a disulfide linker. Thi...

Trisubstituted α-pyrones are obtained by a Pd-catalyzed three-component, single-flask operation via an α-arylation, subsequent α-alkenylation, alkene isomerization, and dienolate lactonization. A variety of coupling components under mild conditions afforded isolated yields of up to 93% of the pyrones with complete control of regioselectivity. Metal dependence was noted for three of the steps of...

The advantages of freeze-drying are obvious. It is a convenient method for the preservation and long-term storage of a wide variety of microorganisms. However, special precautions are needed for the preservation of microorganisms sensitive to desication, light, oxygen, osmotic pressure, surface tension and other factors. During several years of experimentation I have developed various new metho...

The ellipticity of the electron density is proposed as a convenient tool to characterize electrocyclic reactions. The study of the electron density offers several advantages since it is an experimental observable. This simple topological index has proven powerful and robust for the characterization of a wide variety of electrocyclic and pseudoelectrocyclic processes. This property is sensitive ...

The report gives a defining description of the programming language Scheme. Scheme is a statically scoped and properly tail-recursive dialect of the Lisp programming language invented by Guy Lewis Steele Jr. and Gerald Jay Sussman. It was designed to have an exceptionally clear and simple semantics and few different ways to form expressions. A wide variety of programming paradigms, including fu...

The direct α-arylation of cyclic and acyclic ethers with azoles has been achieved, which features a novel iron-catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) process. This practical oxidative method allowed the efficient C2-alkylation of a variety of (benzo)azoles constituting straightforward access to heterocycles of utmost medicinal significance and highlighting the convenient use of feedstoc...

The recent addition of aprocedure in SPSS for the analysis of ordinal regression models offers a simple means for researchers to fit the unequal variance normal signal detection model and other extended signal detection models. The present article shows how to implement the analysis and how to interpret the SPSS output. Examples of fitting the unequal variance normal model and other generalized...

Multi-state models provide a convenient statistical framework for a wide variety of medical applications characterized by multiple events and longitudinal data. We illustrate this through four examples. The potential value of the incorporation of unobserved or partially observed states is highlighted. In addition, joint modelling of multiple processes is illustrated with application to potentia...