We have extended Raper's original work on the organizing ability of the tip of the Dictyostelium discoideum slug. Our new results are that tips from all multicellular (pseudoplasmodial) stages act as organizers; that the structure organized by a tip depends on the developmental stage of the cells responding to the tip's signal; that tips from all stages release a qualitatively similar signal wh...

We describe a case of glioblastoma multiforme of the conus medullaris in a child. MR imaging showed at the T12-L1 level an intramedullary mass with signal alteration, with only two nodules of contrast enhancement. The finding was consistent with astrocytoma. Pathologic evaluation was consistent with glioblastoma multiforme. Nine months after the surgical treatment, the patient showed leptomenin...

Study Design Case report and review of the literature. Objective To present an unusual case of conus medullaris ependymal cyst. Methods This is a case of a 41-year-old woman with a diagnosis of ependymal cyst who presented with a history of shock-like pain to the lower limbs. Results The patient underwent a successful cyst decompression. Conclusion A few cases have been reported in the literatu...

1. Blood pressures in the ventricle, conus arteriosus, systemic arch and pulmocutaneous arch along with blood flows in the systemic and pulmocutaneous arches have been recorded in Rana catesbeiana, R. pipiens, R. temporaria and Xenopus laevis. Central pressure and flow waveforms exhibited the same qualitative features in all species. 2. Blood pressure in both the systemic and pulmocutaneous arc...

The development of recombinant DNA technology and the current state of bioscience has for the first time made the laboratory creation of new biological weapons a real possibility. A critical part of any countermeasures is the ability to identify strains that are unlike previous strains that have been isolated, i.e. are “outside the box” of known genetic variability for the organism. A database ...

Accurate assessments of greenhouse gas emissions and carbon sequestration in natural ecosystems are necessary to develop climate mitigation strategies. Regional national-level require high-resolution data be available for large areas, increasing the need remote sensing products that quantify stocks fluxes. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) provides guidelines how flux using l...

We report on glioblastoma multiple spinal intraaxial metastases with primary disease radiologically under control. The case highlights glioblastoma biological behavior and spread mechanisms; dissemination may have occurred initially and been controlled by chemotherapy, or more likely, is an indicator that even if radiologically dormant, disease is unlikely biologically inactive.

De novo glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) of the spine is rare. We present a patient with a unique GBM arising within the conus and radiographically mimicking a filum terminale ependymoma. During surgery the lesion was notable for its highly vascular and diffuse infiltration of the surrounding spinal cord parenchyma. The operative goals were altered to account for the unexpected pathology. The trea...

Abstract We examine the drought variability over conterminous United States (CONUS) for 1915–2018 using Noah-MP land surface model. different model options on reconstruction, including optional representation of groundwater and dynamic vegetation phenology. Over our 104-yr reconstruction period, we identify 12 great droughts that each covered at least 36% CONUS lasted 5 months. The tend to have...