Introduction Commotio cordis is a term used to describe ventricular fibrillation (VF) triggered by a blunt, nonpenetrating blow, often the result of a small ball or puck hitting the chest in the course of recreational or competitive sports. It is typically fatal, though rates of successful resuscitation have improved in recent years. Experimental studies have identified a 10– 40-ms window durin...

a holstein heifer with symptoms of dystocia was admitted in the large animal clinic at the university of tabriz. in the vaginal examination, the fetus was found at posterior presentation and by doing someobstetrical maneuvers, a male calf was delivered. an interesting phenomenon was the presence of two skinsacs in dimensions of 12 × 12 cm and 12 × 18 cm at the right and left upper cervical regi...

Ventral wall defects are extremely rare anomalies that are likely caused by the failure of the ventral wall to close during week 4 of development. We report a case of severe thoracoabdominal wall defect including complete thoracic ectopia cordis and gastroschisis. This combination represents a novel constellation of findings in a single patient. This unique case further demonstrates an anatomic...

This is a report of a case of the rare ectopia cordis malformation of the thoracoabdominal type without intracardiac anomalies. The patient had a successful single stage repair with reduction of the herniating heart and reconstruction of a cartilaginous cover to protect the heart. The result was very good and the follow up for 13 months was very satisfactory.

Commotio cordis (CC) is a recognized rare cause of sudden death in which an apparently minor blow to the chest causes ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest. CC diagnosis is still a challenge for forensic pathologists. A retrospective study of 9794 autopsy cases was conducted at the Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College (DFMTMC, China) from 1955 to 2014. A total of 39 cas...