Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder is an aggressive tumor with a high potential for malignant progression. Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has been used to treat malignant diseases for more than 20 years, and bladder cancer has been treated with it longer, since 1976. BCG is an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis; instilled in solution to treat bladder cancer, it delays recurrence an...

Flow cytometry was used to detect and quantify expression of a urothelial differentiation antigen (Om5) and nuclear DNA in exfoliated epithelial cells of the urinary bladder from 15 patients with nonpapillary carcinoma in situ during and after intravesical therapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). Before BCG treatment exfoliated cells reacting with the mouse monoclonal antibody Om5 were foun...

PURPOSE Absorption of irrigation fluid was not detected during GreenLight™ laser vaporization of the prostate using the first generation 80 W laser. However, data are lacking on intraoperative irrigation fluid absorption using the second generation 120 W high power laser. We assessed whether fluid absorption occurs during high power laser vaporization of the prostate. MATERIALS AND METHODS We...

The day dawned; he came to the ward, With son and wife, and daughter to be The harried young intern Gave an uninterested look “Routine admission, nothing much” “BP normal, pulse regular, heart in dual rhythm” “DT form fi lled, theatre list made” Anaesthetist came for the premed “Healthy gentleman, nothing to worry” “Is there a slight murmur?” “No, can’t be, the HO would have heard” Surgery goes...

A Fuzzy energy management algorithm for a photovoltaic water pumping installation is presented and validated experimentally, using a plant composed of photovoltaic panels, battery banks, DC/AC converters, relays and a water pump. Considering many criteria related to the battery safe operation, fulfilling the water volume needed by the crops and ensuring a continuous function of the pump, the al...

Introduction. Urinary stone is a common cause of urinary tract disease. Stone excretion using ureteroscope is effective in inferior ureter. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aminophylline on ureteral spasm during ureteroscopy in acute phase of renal colic. Methods. In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 120 patients with ureteral stones were enrolled and randomize...

Abstract Over 15,000 transurethral resections of the prostate (TURP) are performed yearly in UK. It is therefore vital that peri-operative care optimised. Our centre favours use two-way catheters post-operatively without continuous bladder irrigation (CBI). Aim To evaluate our practice using post-TURP and to determine impact on patient compared standard three-way catheterization. primary outcom...

the effect of 10-year continuous saffron cultivation on physical and chemical properties of a silty clay loam soil was investigated in a research farm of college of agriculture, shiraz university, shiraz (52 º 33ʹ e longitude and 29º 36ʹ n latitude), iran. this farm was irrigated with different regimes (100% of saffron's potential evapotranspiration (etp), 75%etp, 50%etp) including rain fed tre...